Anatomy&Physiology
The curved thin muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
Diaphragm
More air is typically ______ for speech breathing
Inhaled
During inhalation the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles ______ and during exhalation they ________
contract,relax
All vowels of American English are _____ and have a ______ pattern of vibration
voiced,periodic
All sounds in English are produced on an ________
Exhale
Which of the following is NOT a primary resonating cavity?
A. Nasal cavity C. Oral cavity
B. Thoracic Cavity D. Pharyngeal cavity
B
Where do inspirations usually occur during speech breathing?
At major linguistic boundaries
_______ can be described as the restoring force (RF) of lung tissue causes lungs to recoil to original volume
Elasticity
T/F - /a/ is an example of a simple periodic sound
False - there are NO speech sounds that are simple!
How is phonation generated?
Rapid open/close of the glottis
T/F - Anterior internal intercostal muscles are responsible for active expiration
True
In speech breathing, exhalation is ______ and take up ______ of the respiratory cycle
slower,more
T/F - durning INHALATION the movement of the diaphragm&external intercostals can be described as up and forward, and during EXHALATION inward and downward
(Byte Size Med. “Muscles of Respiration | Breathing Mechanics | Respiratory Physiology.” Www.youtube.com, 3 Dec. 2020, www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bkjJWBBnCo.)
True
The sound /z/ has simultaneous ________ and _________ sources
periodic,aperiodic
The position of articulators forms _______ in the vocal tract to produce consonants
occlusions (or constrictions)
Inspiration is always active because it requires ________ _________
Muscle contraction
T/F the ratio of speech breathing is 10% exhale and 90% inhale
False, the ratio is 10% inhale, 90% exhale
With increased work of breathing, intercostal muscles and _______ muscles assist
abdominal
In the consonants /s/ and /t/, the filter is the ______ ________, and the source is the ________ ________.
vocal tract,oral cavity
All sounds are resonated in the ________ __________
vocal tract
The volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of a normal exhalation
Functional residual capacity
Small increases in subglottal pressure (Ps) cause large increases in _____?
Intensity
What law of physics describes how increasing the volume of an enclosed space decreases air pressure within it?
Boyles Law
A balloon popping can be described as ________ noise while a balloon leaking air can be described as _______
transient,continuous
BONUS: Why is respiration an important aspect of generating speech in relation to speech science?
- Airflow is source of phonation
- The influence of airflow controls many aspects of speech including pitch, intensity, and time
- Clinical applications - (ex. vocal fold paralysis, muscle tension dysphonia)