Anatomy
Following the respiratory system... the trachea divides down into two
What are bronchi
Name 2 signs/symptoms of a PE
What are sudden onset of dyspnea, sharp stabbing chest pain, restlessness, feelings of impending doom, tachypnea, pleural friction rub, tachycardia, diaphoresis, decreased O2 sat?
What air sac does each bronchial tube connect to?
What do they do?
What are alveoli
What is gas exchange
What is the gold standard test for PE?
What is CT angiography
What area(s) in the brainstem are responsible for respiration?
What are the medulla and pons
What is a VQ scan?
What is... a scan to show ventilation and perfusion.
V = air reaching the lungs and going into/out of.
Q = Perfusion = blood flow to capillaries of the lungs
True or false: the left lung has 3 lobes and the right lung has 2 lobes.
This test will reveal a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot has been degraded by fibrinolysis
What is a D-dimer
What is the difference between visceral pleura and parietal pleura?
Bonus 100 points: the space between these two pleurae is called...
What is... visceral pleura = inner layer that is innervated, adheres to the lungs. Parietal pleura = outer layer that lines the thoracic cavity.
The pleural cavity - serous fluid that lubricates and promotes surface tension/lung expansion
The Triad of Virchow (risk factors for PE) includes all of the following except:
A) Venous stasis
B) Hypercoagulability
C) Hypokalemia
D) Endothelial injury
What is... C - hypokalemia. K+ doesn't have an effect on DVT/PE.
(Endothelial injury could be r/t caustic IV infusions, infection, diabetes, trauma, etc.)