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Respiratory Medications
Cardiac Medications
Nursing Process and Medication Administration
Patient Education
Lifespan Considerations
100
Topical decongestants can result in a rebound effect, and therefore they should not be used for longer than ________.
What is 3 to 5 days.
100
These medications reduce blood pressure by producing sodium and and water loss and lowering the tone or rigidity of the arteries.
What are diuretics.
100
Name three signs of dehydration.
What is weight loss, dry skin, lack of sweat, dry mucous membranes, decreased urinary output, hypotension, tachycardia, and increased respirations. In infants, dehydration may also include sunken fontanelles and loss of skin turgor.
100
Patients should be educated to rinse their mouth after using corticosteroid inhalers to prevent _________.
What is thrush.
100
When taking anti-hypertensives, the _____________ older adults may experience places them at risk of falling when they rapidly change positions.
What is postural hypotension.
200
This category of medication is used to treat symptoms of a productive cough. They work by thinning out respiratory secretions, making it easier to bring up sputum when the patient coughs.
What are expectorants.
200
This type of diuretic promotes reabsorption of calcium, which may make them a good option for older adults with osteoporosis.
What are thiazide diuretics.
200
When taking ________ or __________ diuretics, the patient should eat or drink more potassium-rich foods.
What is loop or thiazide.
200
Patients should be instructed to take their other medications 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after taking this category of medications as they are like glue and will delay the absorption of other drugs if taken at the same time.
What are antihyperlipidemics.
200
Decreased libido, breast tenderness and __________ have been reported in men taking digoxin.
What is gynecomastia.
300
Signs of toxicity from xanthine-derivative bronchodilators such as theophylline include tachycardia or dysrhythmias, vomiting, dizziness, and irritability. The desired therapeutic range of theophylline is __________.
What is 10 to 20 micrograms per milliliter of serum.
300
Patients prescribed nitroglycerin tablets will need a new prescription every _______.
What is every 3 months.
300
Research shows that ___________ juice interacts with drugs and may prevent absorption of some antihypertensive medications.
What is grapefruit.
300
Some patients taking potassium-sparing diuretics, _________, or who have renal insufficiency may already have problems with too much potassium and so should not eat a potassium-rich diet.
What are ACE inhibitors.
300
Start ______ and go ______ is the common advice in giving medications to older adults.
What is low and slow.
400
This medication is used for asthma prophylaxis (prevention) as it has no independent, anti-inflammatory or bronchodilator activity.
What is Cromolyn.
400
The therapeutic serum level of digoxin is ________.
What is 0.5 to 2 ng/mL.
400
Before giving digoxin, the nurse should take the apical pulse for ____ seconds. In an adult, if the apical pulse rate is less than ____, the nurse should _____________.
What is 60, 60, hold the medication and notify the provider.
400
Patients prescribed both an inhaled corticosteroid and bronchodilator should be taught to used the ________ first, and then wait ____ minutes before taking the second inhaler.
What is bronchodilator; 5 minutes.
400
The FDA has issued a recommendation that OTC cough and cold products not be used in infants and children less than ______.
What is 2 years old.
500
This category of medication is used for the relief of overactive or nonproductive coughs.
What are antitussives.
500
Vision changes associated with digitalis toxicity include blurred vision and _________.
What is yellow-green vision.
500
Name the two actions of all cardiotonic drugs.
What is slow the heart rate and increase the strength/force of contraction.
500
Patients taking this medication should be told that it stains the urine orange or red and may stain fabrics.
What is phenazopyridine (AZO).
500
Older adults often have pronounced anticholinergic side or adverse effects, especially constipation, dry mouth, and ________ (especially in males).
What is urinary retention.