Respiratory
Inspiratory stridor is heard.
The child appears anxious and pale and assumes a sitting position (tripod position) with the mouth open, struggling to breathe.
Epiglottitis
When the pharyngeal tissues collapse during sleep leading to repeated and momentary cessation of breathing.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
60-100
This usually develops during sleep, when the increased blood volume in the lungs leads to increased fluid in the alveoli and interferes with oxygen diffusion and lung expansion. The individual awakes in a panic, struggling for air and coughing
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Patients with advanced lung disease (in this case COPD) will often assume this position: leaning forward, hands on knees.
tripod position
Early Manifestations of this disorder is
•Anxiety
•Tachycardia & hypotension
•Pallor
•Light-headedness
•Syncope
•Sweating
shock
The bronchi and bronchioles respond to the stimuli with three changes usually early in life onset
1.inflammation of the mucosa with edema
2. contraction of smooth muscle (bronchoconstriction)
3. increased secretion of thick mucus in the passages
Asthma
What is the rate for bradycardia
under 60 bpm
What is the rate of sinus tachycardia
101-150bpm
The broken section of ribs moves inward rather than outward as intra thoracic pressure is decreased.
This inward movement of the ribs prevents expansion of the affected lung.•
flail chest
Hemoptysis is common as blood vessels are eroded.
With cavitation, spread of the organisms into other parts of the lung is promoted.
Bacilli are present in the sputum, where they may be passed to others
Tuberculosis
Occupational lung diseases, such as silicosis, asbestosis, and farmer's lung are classified as restrictive lung diseases.
These irritant causes interstitial inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in loss of compliance, or “stiff lung.”
Pneumoconioses
What is the treatment for bradycardia
atropine
What is the rate of supraventricular tachycardia
150-250bpm
Air in the pleural cavity with s/s of dyspnea, tracheal deviation, chest pain and absent breath sounds
Pneumothorax
Disorder of the exocrine glands.
Thick, sticky mucus builds up in lungs, allowing germs to thrive and multiply.
The buildup of mucus in the pancreas can also stop the absorption of food. Diabetes can be the end result
Cystic Fibrosis
Destruction of alveolar walls, loss of elasticity, impaired expiration, barrel chest, hyperinflation due to air trapping
Emphysema
Feeling of pressure, heaviness, or burning in the chest, especially with increased activity
Sudden shortness of breath, sweating, weakness, fatigue
Nausea, indigestion
Anxiety and fear
MI
What is the treatment of SVT
Cardioversion
As congestion increases, hemoptysis often occurs. Sputum is frothy owing to air mixed with the secretions, and blood-tinged owing to ruptured capillaries in the lungs.
Breathing becomes labored as it becomes more difficult to expand the lungs. The individual feels as if he or she is drowning
Pulmonary edema
Irritating liquids, particularly acids (vomitus), alcohol, or oils (milk), tend to disperse into several bronchi. These materials cause severe inflammation and predisposes to the development of infection later.
Aspiration Pneumonia
The basic changes in the lungs result from injury to the alveolar wall and capillary membrane, leading to release of chemical mediators, increased permeability of alveolar capillary membranes
Also known as shock lung, wet lung or stiff lung
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
When the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body.
Risk factors: MI. HTN
Congestive heart failure
A piece of thrombus breaks off, usually because of some activity, and flows in the venous blood returning to the heart. The first smaller blood vessels are where the clot lodges, obstructing the pulmonary circulation and causing both respiratory and cardiovascular complications. Sudden chest pain and shock are indicators of which disorder?
Pulmonary embolism
Excessive fluid that accumulates in the pleural cavity. This excess fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs
Pleural Effusion