Anatomy
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
What are the three regions of the pharynx?
Route air and food into proper channels and play a role in speech
What are the two main functions of the larynx?
Supply body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide
What are the two functions of the respiratory system?
Exchange of gases occurring between the alveoli and pulmonary blood
What is external respiration?
In this disease, patients almost always have a history of smoking
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli
What are the organs of the respiratory system?
This is where gas exchanges between the blood and external environment occur
What are the alveoli?
Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli
What does the respiratory zone include?
Carbon dioxide is unloaded out of the blood
What happens to carbon dioxide in the blood during external respiration?
In this disease, alveoli walls are destroyed and lungs lose elasticity
What is emphysema?
The three main parts of the nose
What are the nostrils, nasal cavity, and nasal septum?
Drain the middle ear
What do the pharyngotympanic tubes do?
Simple diffusion
How does gas cross the respiratory membrane?
Oxygen diffuses from blood into tissue
What happens to oxygen during internal respiration?
This disease is the leading cause of cancer death for men and women
What is lung cancer?
4 inches
How long is the trachea?
Lighten the skull, act as resonance chambers for speech, produce mucus
What are the functions of the sinuses?
Intrapulmonary pressure increases
What happens to intrapulmonary pressure during inspiration?
This forms when oxygen attaches to hemoglobin
What is oxyhemoglobin?
Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma
What are the three most common types of lung cancer?
The hilium
Where does each bronchus enter the lung at?
These 2 regions serve as common passageways for air and food
What are the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?
The lungs recoil and collapse
What happens if intrapleural pressure equals atmospheric pressure?
Most carbon dioxide is transported in the plasma as this
What is a bicarbonate ion?
Mucosa of the lower respiratory passages becomes severely inflamed
What happens to the body during chronic bronchitis?