Intro to Respiratory System
What are the three types of respiration?
What is the name of the organ that extends from the larynx to the bronchi?
Trachea
What type of gas is entering the bloodstream at the alveoli?
Oxygen
What force moves Oxygen and CO2 across the respiratory membrane?
Pressure gradient (high to low pressure)
What is used to treat pneumonia?
Which type of respiration involves the exchange of gases between the air and the alveoli?
External
What is the organ responsible for the production of speech?
Glottis
By which process does gas exchange occur at the alveoli?
Diffusion
Once an impulse has been generated to prompt the body to inhale, the impulse travels where and prompts what?
Diaphragm to contract
What condition does smoking vapes have been found to lead to?
Popcorn lung
In which type of respiration do we see oxygen actually being used up?
Cellular
Where does gas exchange actually occur?
Alveoli
Where does the newly oxygenated blood go to after it leaves the lungs?
Pulmonary vein -> Heart
What is the volume of air that moves in and out during a single respiratory cycle?
Tidal volume (or resting tidal volume)
What are three possible triggers for an asthma attack?
Pollution, strenuous exercise, high emotions, respiratory infections, pet dander, tobacco smoke, respiratory irritants, etc.
What happens in internal respiration?
Transport of gases in the blood (Oxygen & CO2)
What body cavity separates the lungs?
Mediastinum
What increases the release of oxygen from hemoglobin?
Blood acidity, temp, CO2 levels
During inhalation, what happens to the pressure within alveoli?
It decreases (space that contains the gas gets larger)
Which disease leads to damage and rupture of the alveoli?
Emphysema
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ATP)
What type of membrane lines the nasal cavity?
Mucous
Where do oxygen and carbon dioxide bind to RBCs, respectively?
Hemoglobin
Oxygen - Heme (Fe)
CO2 - Globular proteins
What are the three things that we add in order to calculate vital capacity?
Inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume
What effect does cystic fibrosis have on the respiratory system?
Thickens mucous membrane, which traps more bacteria (leading to more instances of infection), and clogs up passageways