Respiratory Organs
Primary entry point for air that warms, moistens, and filters it.
Nose/nasal cavity
The muscle that contracts during inhalation and relaxes during exhalation.
Diaphragm
A gas that diffuses into the blood from the alveoli
Oxygen
Two entry points where air first enters the body.
Nose and mouth
The main purpose of breathing is....
Gas exchange. Taking in O2 and removing CO2.
This structure is shared by both the respiratory and digestive systems.
Pharynx
During inhalation, the rib cage ___________.
expands
A gas that diffuses out of the blood into the alveoli
Carbon dioxide
Structure that prevents food from entering the trachea
Epiglottis
The system that normally controls breathing automatically.
Autonomic nervous system
Tube supported by cartilaginous rings and lined with cilia and mucus.
Trachea
Air moves from an area of ______ pressure to ______ pressure.
The blood vessels that surround alveoli and allow diffusion.
capillaries
After the bronchi, air moves into these smaller branches.
The brain monitors levels of this gas to regulate breathing rate.
Carbon dioxide
These two tubes branch from the trachea and lead to each lung.
Bronchi/Bronchus
What happens to chest cavity volume during exhalation?
It decreases
Name two requirements for effective gas exchange.
TRUE OR FALSE: The larynx is located before your pharynx in your respiratory tract.
FALSE
The normal breathing rate for humans per minute is...
14–20 breaths per minute.
Tiny air sacs covered in capillaries where gas exchange occurs.
Alveoli
Explain why air enters the lungs during inhalation (discuss volume, pressure and movement of air).
Chest cavity volume increases, pressure inside decreases, so air moves from high pressure outside to low pressure inside.
Describe the full pathway of oxygen in the body, starting with the deoxygenated blood leaving the right ventricle of the heart (use words such as oxygen, alveoli, blood and body cells in your response).
Deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle and enters the lungs; O2 diffuses into the bloodstream from the alveoli; the newly oxygenated blood returns to the heart to be pumped to the body's cells; O2 diffuses from the bloodstream into the body's cells; deoxygenated blood returns to the right side of the heart; right side pumps blood to lungs to become oxygenated again.
Name each respiratory structure that an oxygen molecule passes through from entry to the alveoli.
Nose/mouth → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli.
Constriction of bronchioles makes airflow difficult and can cause ___________. People who experience this often have ________________ or _________________.
Constriction of bronchioles makes airflow difficult and can cause WHEEZING. People who experience this often have ASTHMA or BRONCHITIS.