Upper Respiratory System
Where is the nose located?
What is the middle of the face?
Plants produce these 2 things during photosynthesis.
What are oxygen and glucose (sugar)?
What is the basic unit of structure and function?
Cells
How many lobes does the human respiratory system have?
The human lungs have a total of five lobes. The right lung has three lobes (superior, middle, and inferior), while the left lung has two lobes (superior and inferior) to accommodate the heart.
What is the flap that covers the trachea while you swallow food called?
The epiglottis is a cartilage flap behind the tongue that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food/liquid from entering the airway.
What are things the mouth does? (name 3)
Possible answer What is eat, breathe, and puke?
Define "organ system".
Organ system like the respiratory system contain related organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a common function.
Why is the left lobe smaller than the right.
The left lung is about 10% smaller than the right lung primarily to accommodate the heart, which tilts slightly to the left within the chest cavity. This anatomical space-sharing results in the left lung having only two lobes and a notched shape, whereas the right lung has three lobes.
Why does an organism (in this case human) need oxygen to survive?
Oxygen is an essential reactant in the process called cellular respiration. This is how our bodies make energy.
Where are the sinuses?
Sinuses (paranasal sinuses) are four pairs of air-filled cavities located within the bones of the face and skull surrounding the nasal cavity. They are located in the forehead, between the eyes, behind the upper cheeks, and deep in the skull behind the nose.
Name the dome-shaped organ (muscle) underneath your rib cage that flattens and increases the volume inside your chest cavity.
Diaphragm
What are the smallest blood vessels in the lungs?
The smallest blood vessels in the lungs are pulmonary capillaries. These extremely thin-walled, microscopic vessels form a dense network surrounding the alveoli (air sacs), where they facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. They act as the junction between arterioles and venules, often only allowing one blood cell to pass at a time.
What is the name of the muscles around your rib cage?
External intercostals draw air into your body through your nose.
Where are the tonsils located and what is their function?
Tonsils are small, soft masses of lymphoid tissue situated in the back of the throat, serving as the immune system's first line of defense against inhaled or ingested pathogens.
Name the functions of respiratory cilia.
Respiratory cilia are microscopic, hair-like structures lining the airways that act as a critical defense mechanism, known as the mucociliary escalator. They move in rhythmic, wave-like motions to propel mucus, trapped pollutants, and pathogens out of the lungs and throat. Their dysfunction can lead to chronic infections and lung diseases.
Where does oxygen exchange occur in the lungs?
Oxygen occurs and is transferred into the blood within the alveoli, which are tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchial tree in the lungs. Surrounded by a network of capillaries, oxygen in the inhaled air passes across the thin walls of these alveoli into the blood, where it is picked up by red blood cells.
Describe one way the respiratory and cardiovascular systems work together.
The respiratory and cardiovascular systems work together to oxygenate the body through a continuous cycle of gas exchange. The right side of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, where it releases carbon dioxide and collects fresh oxygen, which the left side of the heart then circulates to tissues.
What is the difference between bronchi and bronchioles?
Bronchi are the larger, cartilage-supported primary airways branching from the trachea to lead air into the lungs. Bronchioles are the smaller, cartilage-free, muscular branches that branch off the bronchi to distribute air to the alveoli.
Where does gas exchange (carbon dioxide, oxygen) occur in the lungs.
Alveoli are tiny, balloon-shaped air sacs at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs, acting as the primary site for gas exchange. They exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream during breathing, with hundreds of millions present to maximize surface area for efficient respiration
What is the scientific name for the "voice box"?
The voice box is called the larynx (pronounced LAIR-inks). It is a cartilaginous organ located in the neck at the top of the trachea (windpipe) that enables breathing, produces sound for speech, and protects the airway by closing during swallowing
How does the diaphragm help the alveoli do their job during respiration?
The diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle below the lungs, drives respiration by contracting and flattening to expand the chest cavity, creating a vacuum that draws air into the lungs. This action inflates the alveoli, allowing them to fill with oxygen-rich air for efficient gas exchange, while relaxation pushes stale air out.