Anatomy
Name for the area between the lungs.
Mediastinum
What section branches off the trachea and leads to the left and right lungs?
primary bronchi
Which 2 parts of the brain help control breathing rates? (must get both for points)
Medulla oblongata and pons
Air moves from an area of ____ pressure to an area of _____ pressure.
higher to lower
viral infection that affects the respiratory system; 4 types including A through D
Influenza
What is the flap that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea?
Epiglottis
Name the section of the throat that branches from the mouth.
Oropharynx
What law allows the body to perform respiration?
Boyle's Law - if the volume of gas increases, the pressure of the gas decreases.
Name for air continuously moving into the out of the lungs.
1. internal respiration
2. respiratory gas transport
3. pulmonary ventilation
4. external respiration
3. pulmonary ventilation
damage to lung cell DNA from inhaling toxic substances that causes tumors in the lungs
Lung Cancer
What is the name for the space between the vocal cords that allows them room to vibrate?
Glottis
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2
Peripheral chemoreceptors are sensitive to which gas?
oxygen
When inhaling, does the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract or relax?
contract (flattens)
Caused by the relaxation of the throat muscles during sleep causing the soft tissue to collapse.
OSA - obstructive sleep apnea
alveoli
Another name for the Adam's apple.
Thyroid cartilage
What type of lung volume is also known as pulmonary function test (PFT)?
dynamic
(other is static = spirometry)
Name for gas exchange that occurs between tissues and capillaries.
internal respiration
primarily caused by smoking, destroying alveoli; chronic lung disease
Emphysema
Name the section of the throat that branches from the nasal cavity.
Nasopharynx
Name for the outer layer of the pleural sac of the lungs.
Parietal pleura
Name 2 of the 3 chemoreceptors for breathing.
1. central chemoreceptors
2. peripheral chemoreceptors
3. mechanoreceptors
12-20 breaths per minute
caused by gene mutation responsible for regulating salt and water movement
Cystic Fibrosis