Respiratory System (and a call back to Digestion)

Structures

100

Through what structures does air enter the respiratory system?

Mouth and Nose

200

This structure is open during respiration but closed during digestion

Epiglottis 

300

The scientific name for the throat and the windpipe are:

Pharynx and Trachea  

400

What structures connect the lungs to the trachea?

Bronchi

500

What are cilia, Where are they located and what is their role?

Hair -like structures which line the trachea. When the move, they sweep dust and other particles back out of the respiratory system

Gas Exchange

100

Where does gas exchange occur?

In the Alveoli

200

Which way does carbon dioxide move during gas exchange

Out of the bloodstream

300

Which way does oxygen move during gas exchange?

Into the bloodstream

400

Why do we need oxygen?

We need oxygen to get energy from food and to generate energy

500

Where does the carbon dioxide go when it leaves the bloodstream?

We breath it out

Respiratory Rate

100

How does an animal's metabolic rate influence its respiratory rate?

• Animals with higher metabolic rates, such as birds and mammals, tend to have faster respiratory rates to meet their increased oxygen demands for energy production.

200

Explain how physical activity and exertion can affect an animal's respiratory rate,

Physical activity would increase respiratory rate

300

Would an animal located in the sahara desert or in Kingston have a higher respiratory rate

Sahara Desert! Hotter= increased respiratory rate to rates to cool themselves down and obtain sufficient oxygen.

400

Would a rabbit or a blue whale have a faster respiratory rate? Why?

Rabbit

500

Why do smaller animals have respiratory rates which are faster?

• Generally, smaller animals have higher respiratory rates compared to larger ones. This is because smaller animals have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, leading to faster gas exchange and oxygen uptake.

Respiration

100

Bronchi branch into

Bronchioles

200

What is the Function of Nose Hairs and Mucus?

Filter out and trap dust and airborne particles

300

Describe the structure and function of the trachea.

 The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It provides a pathway for air to enter and exit the lungs.

400

What is the role of the larynx

Voice Box!

500

Where does the air go after it moves through the Trachaea

Into the Bronchi and further into the Bronchiole

Do you Remember Digestion?

100

What is chyme

Mix of gastric juice and food

200

What structures prevent food from entering the esophagus?

Epiglottis

300

What is peristalsis

Peristalsis is a coordinated muscular contraction which propels food through the digestive tract.

400

What group of nutrients begins to be broken down in the mouth?

Carbohydrates

500

What is the role of pepsin? Where is pepsin active?

BReaks down proteins in the stomach