Respiratory system
Commonly called the windpipe, this structure is strengthened by rings of cartilage.
trachea
smaller branches from the bronchi that enter the lungs
Bronchioles
This process is the result of air rushing into the lungs
Inhalation
from the air sacs/alveoli, where does the oxygen pass into the blood from which blood vessel?
the capillaries
What is the number one cause of lung disease/damage?
Smoking
Reduced rate and depth of respirations resulting in increased blood levels of carbon dioxide.
What is hypoventilation?
An instrument for measuring the air entering and leaving the lungs.
What is a spirometer?
These air passages divide from the windpipe at the bottom of the trachea.
bronchi
The voicebox
larynx
What are the tiny hairs that move back and forth along the trachea called?
Cilia
Bones that protect the lungs
the Rib cage
This happens when something irritates your nose
Sneeze
Increased rate of respirations; often resulting from anxiety or a panic attack.
What is hyperventilation?
In this respiratory disease, the lungs lose elasticity and exhaling is no longer a passive process.
What is emphysema?
What is the name of the large muscle (singular) that pulls air into the lungs?
The diaphragm
Where does air enters the body?
the nose or mouth
List three accessory respiratory muscles.
What are the intercostal muscles, sternocleidomastoid muscle, scalenes, rectus abdominus, or external oblique muscles?
Hollow organ that allows you to talk and make sounds when air moves in and out
the Larynx
Physical activity causes breathing rate to do what?
Increase
Abnormally slow respirations.
What is bradypnea?
Excessive acidity of body fluids,
What is acidosis?
This is a flap that covers the windpipe and helps keep food and water from entering the lungs.
Epiglotis
where oxygen and carbon dioxide change places in the lungs
the alveoli/air sacs
This pulls down and causes air to rush into the chest cavity
Diaphragm
The part of the respiratory system that is connected to the nose and mouth and is shared with the digestive system.
Pharynx
What is the sticky coating that is secreted by cells along your respiratory tract?
Mucus
Abnormal breathing pattern often noted in terminally ill patients at end of life.
What is Cheyne Stokes respirations?
The contribution each gas in a mixture of gases makes to the total pressure.
What is partial pressure?
What are the tiny balloon-like sacs that look like bunches of grapes where carbon dioxide in the blood is exchanged for oxygen?
Alveoli
Region of the pharynx contains openings for the eustachian tubes?
What is the nasopharynx?
The act of drawing in oxygen and letting out CO2 through gas exchange in the lungs.
What is respiration?
What is the main organ of the respiratory system?
Lungs
Name two thing that nose hairs do.
1. Keeps pathogens out of the nose
2. Warms the air going in
Temporary cessation of breathing.
What is apnea?
Part of the brain that controls breathing.
What is the medulla oblongata?
Separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity.
Opening between the vocal cords.
What is the glottis?
A collapsed lung.
What is a pneumothorax?
Serous membrane that envelopes each lung.
What is pleura?
Bony structures that increase the surface area within the nasal cavity.
What are nasal conchae (turbinates)?
Relaxed, quiet breathing.
What is eupnea?
Part of the brain that controls breathing rate and rhythm as when singing or blowing.
What is the cerebral cortex?
Also known as the "Adam's Apple".
What is thyroid cartilage?
Point at which the trachea bifurcates to form the right and left primary bronchi.
What is carina?
Chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep them from collapsing.
What is surfactant?
Innervates the diaphragm.
What is the phrenic nerve?
Episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed airways
What is asthma?
Labored breathing that occurs when a person is lying flat but improves when sitting or standing up.
What is orthopnea?
Amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation.
What is residual volume?