Anatomy
What is the primary muscle used in respiration?
Diaphragm
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange (O2 and CO2)
A lung disease that involves damage to the alveoli, leading to trapped air and decreased oxygenation.
When you inhale in air, you bring oxygen into your lungs and exhale out ____________
Carbon Dioxide
What is the largest organ in the respiratory system?
Lungs
What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs called?
Alveoli
Tiny, hair like projections called _________________ protect dirt, debris, and bacteria from entering your lungs.
Cilia
How does smoking affect the respiratory system?
It damages lung tissues, leading to diseases like emphysema and lung cancer.
Another name for Larynx is what? What is found here?
Voice Box
Vocal Cords
What is the function of mucus in the respiratory system?
What is the term for the windpipe?
Trachea
Explain the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory process.
It contracts to allow inhalation and relaxes to allow exhalation.
What is asthma and its common triggers?
A condition where airways become inflamed, triggered by allergens, irritants, or exercise.
What is the difference between Tidal Lung Capacity and Vital Lung Capacity?
Tidal: is the amount of air you breathe normally.
Vital: is the amount of air you can forcibly exhale in a single breath
Why is the left lung smaller than the right lung?
To make room for the heart.
What structure prevents food from entering the trachea?
Epiglottis
Explain how gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.
Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli.
Describe pneumonia and its effects on the lungs.
An infection that causes inflammation of the alveoli, impairing gas exchange.
What are the organs of the upper respiratory tract?
Nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx and trachea
What is a tracheotomy and when is it performed?
A surgical procedure to create an opening in the trachea to provide an airway, often done in emergencies.
What are the two main branches of the trachea called?
Bronchi
Describe the pathway of oxygen in the respiratory system.
Air enters through the nasal cavity or mouth, travels through the pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and finally into the alveoli.
What is cystic fibrosis and how does it impact breathing?
A hereditary disorder causing thick mucus that blocks bronchioles and hinders gas exchange.
How does oxygen enter the bloodstream
diffuse across the respiratory membrane in the alveoli into the capillaries
What is the name of the membrane surrounding the lungs?
Pleura