Gas Exchange
Name the structure that transfers inhaled oxygen into nearby capillaries
Alveoli
What is the name of the structure commonly referred to as the "wind pipe"?
The Trachea
What are branches of bronchi called?
bronchioles
What is one function of the nasal cavity?
resonance, warming/moistening air, filtration of foreign matter
True or false: The pharynx belongs to the respiratory sytsem only
false
Where does the gas exchange process occur?
The alveoli and capillaries of the lungs
what structure divides the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?
the epiglottis
What is the main force that drives the movement of air in and out of the lungs?
Pressure changes
what state is the diaphragm in during the inhalation period? (relaxed/contracted)
contracted
what process causes sound to be produced from the vocal folds?
air pusing through as they open and close
What is the waste product eliminated through gas exchange?
Carbon Dioxide
What muscles are involved in inhalation?
The diaphragm, External intercostal muscles
How does the right lung differ from the left lung?
It contains one more lobe
what is the name for the opening of the larynx?
the glottis
Is the trachea considered part of the upper or lower respiratory system?
lower
besides oxygenating blood, what is another function of gas exchange?
Removing waste (CO2) from the blood
What is the name of the structure that folds to cover the trachea during swallowing?
the epiglottis
What is the name of the law used to define the relationship between pressure and air flow in the lungs?
Boyle's Law
what is residual volume?
The amount of air that remains in the lungs after normal exhalation that prevents collapse.
True or false: The cricoid cartilage is the only fully circular cartilage surrounding the trachea
true
If there is an increase of CO2 in the blood, does breathing rate increase or decrease as a response?
increase
name the three sections of the pharynx
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
True or false: Alveoli contain elastic fibers
true
Is exhalation an active or passive process?
passive
What structures of the respiratory system are ciliated? (hint: there are 3)
The nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi