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clinical
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Sensation and Perception
treat yo' self
100
A type of psychotherapy originated by Sigmund Freud in which free association, dream interpretation, and analysis of resistance and transference are used to explore repressed or unconcious impulses, anxieties and internal conflicts
What is Psychoanalysis?
100
The retrieval of information in which the processor must generate most of the information without aids.
What is recall?
100
in classical conditioning, a stimulus that unconditionally—naturally and automatically—triggers a response.
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
100
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information; enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.
What is perception?
100
therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors and to teach new, appropriate ways of behaving
What is behaviorism?
200
A type of behavior therapy in which phobic responses are reduced by pairing relaxation with a series of mental images or real-life situations that the person progressively more fear-provoking; based on the principle of counterconditioning
What is Systematic Desensitization?
200
The cognitive processes underlying the storage, retention, and retrieval of information.
What is memory?
200
physical or psychological discomfort stimuli that an organism seeks to escape or avoid.
What is an aversive stimuli?
200
conversion of one form of energy into another.
What is transduction?
200
awareness of previously unconscious feelings and memories and how the this awareness influences present feelings and behaviors
What is insight?
300
A type of psychotherapy developed by humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers in which the therapist is non-directive and reflective, and the client directs the focus of each therapy session
What is Client Centered Therapy?
300
The "mapping" of brain areas to different cognitive or motor functions; identifying which neural regions control or are active when different activities take place.
What is localization of function?
300
learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it
What is latent learning?
300
Receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. They detect fine details and give rise to color sensation.
What are cones?
300
Therapy based on the idea that psychological distress is caused by irrational and self-defeating beliefs, and is designed to challenge the dysfunctional thoughts and reinterpret the thoughts in a more positive light
What is Rational Emotive Therapy?
400
American psychiatrist who founded cognitive therapy (CT), a psychotherapy based on the assumption that depression and other psychological probelms are caused by biased perceptions, distorted thinking, and inaccurate beliefs.
Who is Aaron T. Beck?
400
A theoretical approach to the study of memory that emphasizes the existence of different memory stores (for example, sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory).
What is the Modal Model of Memory?
400
an operant conditioning principle in which only some of the responses made are followed by reinforcement
What is intermittent reinforcement?
400
the theory that the retina contains three different colors receptors-one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue-which when stimulated in combination can produce the perception of any color.
What is the Trichromatic Theory of Color Vision?
400
behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid
What are exposure therapies?
500
In psychoanalysis, the patient's unconcious attempts to block the revelation of repressed memories and conflicts.
What is resistance?
500
A process, hypothesized to be a mechanism for long-term learning, in which neural circuits in the hippocampus are subjected to repeated and intense electrical stimulation, resulting in hippocampal cells that are more sensitive to stimuli than they were previously.
What is long term potentiation?
500
schedule of reinforcement in which the number of responses required for reinforcement is different for each trial or event
What is variable ratio reinforcement?
500
perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the objects.
What is color constancy?
500
biomedical treatment typically for severely depressed, where a brief, mild electric current is sent through the brain (one hemisphere) of an anesthetized patient.
What is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?