Chapter 2
People must agree to being studied before any research can be done
Informed consent
If your study uses deception, after you finish collecting data you must explain exactly what you were studying and how you did so. This is known as a...
Debriefing
Made up of the brain and the spinal cord
Central Nervous System
Longest part of the neuron. Info is carried down it
Axon
A disease in which the myelin sheath breaks down over time
Multiple sclerosis
When a person knows they are being studied and modifies their behavior
Reactivity
If a participant figures out the hypothesis, they may modify their behavior so that the researcher gets the results they are looking for
Hypothesis guessing
Conveys info to and from the CNS
Peripheral Nervous System
Where the axon meets the cell body. Electrical impulse is generated here
Axon hillock
For every X sodium ions the sodium-potassium pump takes out of the neuron, it lets in Y potassium ions.
X=3
Y=2
Knowing the intentions of a study might lead a researcher to treat participants differently depending on what group they're in. This phenomenon is known as...
Experimenter expectancies
When a study guarantees these, nobody will ever be able to trace any data back to any participant and nobody will ever see any participant's specific data
Anonymity and confidentiality
Inactive cells that support, protect, insulate, and nourish neurons
Glial cells
White fatty substance encasing axon made up of glial cells
Myelin sheath
The minimum amount of stimulation of the dendrites needed to activate the neuron
Threshold
When you give your participants one of these, you tell them the purpose of your study in very abstract or general terms
Cover story
A person might change their behavior in order to appear more socially acceptable/desirable
Evaluation apprehension
Cells that actively communicate info using electrical impulses
Neurons
Gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon
Nodes of Ranvier
Once a neuron's threshold is met or exceeded, the sodium gates open and built-up sodium from outside goes rushing in. This process is known as...
You must get approval from this organization before you can proceed with any study
Institutional Review Board
Experimenter expectancies, evaluation apprehension, and hypothesis guessing are all threats to this aspect of your study
Internal validity
Branchlike protrusions from the neuron's cell body that receive info
Dendrites
Branchlike protrusions at the end of the axon that send out info
Axon terminals
The action potential (electrical impulse generated at the axon hillock) jumps from node of ranvier to node of ranvier causing depolarization at each one. This rapid process is called...
Saltatory conduction