Cardiac
What type of blood is pumped by the left ventricle and why is it larger?
Oxygenated blood, it needs enough force to pump blood to the rest of the body
What are three risk factors for developing an MI?
Age, Smoking, Poor Diet, Obesity, Alcohol, DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia
When you have hypertension, which of the 3 aspects of stroke volume is affected and in what way?
Afterload, it will increase
Besides pain, what are three other symptoms that can be associated with having an MI?
Dyspnea, weakness, nausea, indigestion, diaphoresis, anxiety, fatigue
When there is hypertrophy of the heart muscle, what happens to the preload and the cardiac output?
Preload decreases and cardiac output decreases
The level of occlusion in the coronary artery can help us decide which type of MI someone is having. What else do we need to know to help determine which type of heart attack someone is having?
ECG to determine whether is ST elevation
Spongebob and Patrick are trying to decide who which one of them is at a higher risk for developing an MI. Spongebob found out he has high levels of HDL whereas Patrick has high levels of LDL. Who is more at risk and why?
Patrick because LDL is considered a "bad form" of cholesterol which can deposit into other tissues.
Your tricuspid valve can not close properly. What will happen to the flow of blood during contraction of the heart?
When the right ventricle contracts, blood may flow back into the right atrium
Explain how atherosclerosis can lead to clot formation.
As plaque builds up in the artery, it can break off or rupture causing clotting factors to arrive and form a clot
Mr. Krabs is developing ischemia of the anterior left ventricle. Which artery do you think the thrombus got lodged into?
Most likely the left anterior descending artery
You walk in and see your patient Plankton is grasping his chest and telling you he is having sudden chest pain. Is he having an MI? Explain.
While chest pain is the most common sign, it does not mean it is 100%. We will probably need an ECG and cardiac biomarker tests to confirm.