14th Amendment
What did the Jim Crow laws do?
Segregated public areas in the South.
What is the major justification for Affirmative Action?
What is Probable Cause?
Probable cause is a requirement found in the Fourth Amendment that must usually be met before police make an arrest, conduct a search, or receive a warrant. It is a reasonable belief, based on the reasonable person standard, that a crime was committed and that the arrested person committed the crime.
How many amendments does the Bill of Rights contain?
10
Plessy v. Ferguson & Brown v. Board of Education
What were the two colleges that were in the recent Supreme Court ruling that challenged affirmative action?
UNC and Harvard
True or False: Schools can conduct random searches of all students’ lockers for drugs and paraphernalia.
True
What does the Constitution do?
(Hint: 3 Main functions)
1. Creates a national government w/3 branches(“separation of powers”)
2. Divides Power between the federal government and states
3. Protects various individual liberties of American citizens
What are the Reconstruction Amendments?
13th- Abolished slavery in the United States
14th- Granted citizenship to all persons "born or naturalized in the United States," including formerly enslaved people, and provided all citizens with “equal protection under the laws,”
15th- Guaranteed African American men the right to vote.
In the absence of race in the admissions process, what will some colleges do?
Colleges will increase targeted recruitment
Expand financial aid including free-college programs
Go test-optional, in an effort to maintain their ethnic and racial diversity.
Where do you have the utmost expectation of privacy?
In your home
What amendment protects our right to warrant
The 4th Amendment
"Separate but equal" to justify state-sponsored segregation came from which case?
Plessy v. Ferguson
What court case rejected racial quotas but upheld race as a factor in college admissions?
Regents v. Bakke
True or False: In emergency situations, a warrant is not necessary.
True
udges often use previous cases that are similar to make their decisions on a current case. This is a term also known as _____________?
Precedent
What is Strict Scrutiny?
A judicial test placing the burden of proof on the government to show that a race-based policy serves a "compelling interest," is "narrowly tailored," and uses the "least restrictive means" for achieving its goal.
What is “Color-blindness”?
Constitutional colorblindness holds that skin color or race is virtually never a legitimate ground for legal or political distinctions, and thus, any law that is "color-conscious" is unconstitutional regardless of whether its intent is to remedy racial discrimination.
What is the “exclusionary rule”?
The U.S. Supreme Court has developed a rule called the “exclusionary rule” that basically says when police conduct an illegal search that violates a person’s Fourth Amendment rights, the evidence the police find cannot be admitted into evidence to show the person’s guilt.
U.S. Supreme Court Judges are appointed by who?
The President