Gerunds as Subjects
Identify the subject:
Swimming is good exercise.
Swimming
Complete: She is good at ___.
dancing, singing, etc.
Which modal verb shows necessity?
must / have to
What modal verb shows prohibition?
mustn’t / can’t
Which modal means giving advice?
ought to / should
Complete:
___ is fun and relaxing.
Reading / Cooking / Painting
What’s the gerund?
He left without saying goodbye.
saying
Complete: “You ___ study for the test.” (necessity)
must / have to
Complete:
“You ___ drink more water.”
mustn’t / can’t
He ______ (ought to/ should) apologize for his mistake.
He ought to apologize for his mistake.
Which one is a correct subject?
a) To swim is hard. b) Swimming is hard.
b) Swimming is hard.
Choose the correct form:
They succeeded in (pass/passing) the exam.
passing
Rewrite:
“It is not necessary to bring food.”
You don’t have to bring food
Rewrite using a modal:
“It’s prohibited to use phones in class.”
You mustn’t use phones in class.
What is the difference between "will" and "ought to"?
"Will" = future; "Ought to" = advice
Rewrite: It is exciting to travel. → Use gerund as subject.
Traveling is exciting.
Fill the blank: I’m interested in ___ abroad.
studying / living / working
Choose the correct: “He ___ wear a uniform.” a) mustn’t b) has to
b) has to
Choose: “She ___ be late for her flight.”
a) mustn’t b) shouldn’t
She mustn't be late for her flight.
(Correct the sentence)
You should to exercise more if you want to stay healthy.
You should exercise more if you want to stay healthy.
Create a sentence with a gerund as subject.
Eg.
Running every morning helps me stay healthy.
Make a sentence using: “afraid of + gerund”
I’m afraid of flying.
Make a sentence showing something is necessary.
“We must wear helmets.”
Make a sentence with a prohibition using "mustn’t."
He mustn't ride a bike without helmet.
Give advice using 'will ' about saving money.)
Possible answer: You will save at least 10% of your salary next months.