unit 1-2
what are the terms for low and high body temp? what are some of th symptoms of each (how does our body react)
hypothermia- low , pale skin, shivering, decrease in temp, cyanotic lips
hyperthermia- high, flushed skin, sweating, increase in temp, internal organs impacted
what type of fracture shows the bone protruding out of the skin
compound
what is the difference between tendon and ligament
bonus 100: what is fascia
tendon: muscle to bone
ligament: bone to bone
fascia: muscle to muscle
explain a concussion and some of the common tests for it
brain injury
pearl test, balance test, memory test
you are an athletic trainer
an athlete walks into the training room holding the anterior aspect of their tibia, they are on the track team and complaining of pain after running. upon examination you notice edema in the region. what is your soap note, include your diagnosis
subjective: athlete pain
objective: athlete holding tibia and edema
assessment: shin splints
plan: RICE
what are some environmental concerns for athletes that trainers should have protocol on
lightning
hyperthermia
hypothermia
heat exhaustion
heat stroke
sunburn
what type of fracture is most common in children?
bonus: what type of fracture is from a twisting motion
greenstick, spiral
explain the mechanism for a medial and lateral ankle sprain
medial: eversion and dorsiflexion
lateral: inversion and plantarflexion
explain the rotator cuff injury's and muscles. what do each of them do
...
when ankle taping a student is applying the anchor to the proximal head of the 2nd metatarsal, what is wrong with this?
supposed to be the 5th
compare and contrast heat exhaustion and heat stroke
exhaustion
1. 102 degrees
2. profuse sweat
3. low heart rate
stroke
1. 107 degrees
2. no sweat
3. high heart rate
what bone is most commonly fractured in the face? what about in the wrist ?
nasal bone and scaphoid bone
how does an injury to the GH joint occur. where is this joint located
forced abduction and external rotation. Pulling motion
explain the steps of treating a spinal injury
1. do not move patient until neck is stabilized / call EMS
2. keep them calm
3. spine board
4. hospital
you are on the football field and notice an athlete get kicked on the lateral side of the leg. this is the mechanism for what type of injury? What is it called
valgus force MCL
name al the parts of the axial skeleton
t/f bonus: the illiac is part of the axial skeleton
cranium (skull) , spine, sacrum, coccyx
false
where can we find gliding joints?
wrists and ankles
when can you not apply ice? what about heat
if there is an open wound or cold allergy.
if they are pregnant for heat
how many vertebrae are in the ENIRE spinal column
33 :) remember the sacrum has 6 that are fused
an athlete gets tackled without a helmet. Their head hits the track. When they get to the training room they are diagnosed with a concussion. what are some symptoms that they have a concussion
dizzy, headache, ringing in the ears, sensitivity to ight, nauseous
name all the types of bones and give examples of each for full pointsm
long bone
- femur, radius, ulna, tibia, phalanges, fibula,
short bones
-carpals, tarsals
flat bones
- ribs, scapula, sternum
irregular bones
- facial bones, vertebrae
sesamoid bones
-patella
what is the difference between a strain and a sprain
strain is tendon / muscle injury
sprain is ligament
what are the stages an athlete goes through after an injury
DABDA
what are the three types of spinal postures, describe each
kyphosis: curvature in the thoracic region
lordosis curvature in the lumbar region
scoliosis: curvature to the lateral sides (s-shaped)
we are on a class ski trip in flagstaff. When we are skiing, we notice someone fall. When we get to the person we see blood, bone exposure, and the person is not responsive. One of your classmates has a handy dandy ice pack and tries to place it onto the fracture site. Another classmates calls 911. What are we missing? what do we do??
cpr. tie off wound site. DO NOT ICE! Try to find some type of splint and way to get the person down. we wait for instructions from EMS, if we move them, we risk worsening the fracture.