Newtons laws
Often called the Law of Inertia, it states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by this kind of force.
What is an unbalanced (or external) force?
Often referred to as "stored" energy, it is the energy an object has due to its position or condition.
What is potential energy?
This is the standard International System (SI) unit for all forms of energy, named after an English physicist.
Joule (J)?
This is the constant rate of acceleration for all falling objects on Earth, ignoring air resistance.
What is \(9.8\text{\ m/s}^{2}\) (or \(10\text{\ m/s}^{2}\))?
When the net force on an object is zero, the forces are described by this term.
What is balanced?
This term refers to an object's resistance to any change in its state of motion.
What is inertia?
This specific type of potential energy increases the higher an object is placed above the ground.
What is gravitational potential energy?
While Joules are used in physics, this unit is more commonly used on food packaging to measure the chemical energy available to humans.
What is the Calorie (or kilocalorie)?
According to Newton, the gravitational pull between two objects depends on these two factors.
What are mass and distance?
This is the resulting motion of an object when acted upon by balanced forces.
What is no change in motion (stays at rest or constant velocity)?
Between a bowling ball and a ping-pong ball, the one that possesses more inertia due to having more of this property.
What is mass?
A stretched rubber band or a compressed spring possesses this specific type of potential energy.
What is elastic potential energy?
Your monthly electricity bill usually measures the energy used by your home in these units, which represent power multiplied by time.
What are Kilowatt-hours (kWh)?
While your mass stays the same everywhere, this measurement changes depending on the gravitational pull of the planet you are on.
What is weight?
This is the state a car is in when it travels at a perfectly steady 60 mph in a straight line.
What is equilibrium (or balanced forces)?
This force, which opposes the motion of two surfaces sliding against each other, is a common reason why objects in motion on Earth eventually stop.
What is friction?
his form of potential energy is stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules, such as those found in food or batteries.
What is chemical energy?
In the more complex breakdown of units, one Joule is equivalent to one kilogram times this squared, divided by seconds squared.
What are meters squared
This is the theoretical "terminal" state reached when the upward force of air resistance equals the downward force of gravity.
What is terminal velocity?
In a game of tug-of-war where neither side is moving, the tension in the rope represents this type of force pair.
What are balanced forces?
If the net force on an object is zero, the object is said to be in this state, where its motion does not change.
What is equilibrium?
This term describes the energy possessed by an object due to its motion
What is kinetic energy?
Used for gravitational potential energy (\(PE=mgh\)), elastic potential energy, and electric potential energy.
Application
If you double the distance between two objects, the gravitational force between them decreases by this many times.
What is four? (Inverse Square Law
This famous Greek mathematician’s principle of the lever relies on the idea that torques must be this to prevent rotation.
What is balanced?