Fossils
Evolution
Survival & Adaptation
Natural & Artificial Selection
Atoms
100
Define common ancestry
What is when organisms are descended from a single ancestor
100
Define evolution
What is change over time
100
Define adaptation
What is a process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment by increasing the frequencies of alleles that provide benefits to survival and reproduction
100
A process where humans selectively breed organisms for desirable characteristics
Artificial selection
100
The smallest piece of matter that still has the properties of the element and what 3 parts does it have
What is the atom. Proton, neutron, and electron.
200
Which fossil is the oldest?
What is the bottom one / the fish skeleton
200
What eventually happens to a species when the environment changes and the organisms do not adapt?
What is extinction
200
The variety of gene combinations that exist within a population
What is genetic variation
200
What is the result of natural selection?
What is organisms with better adapted traits survive and reproduce
200
The small, positively charged center of the atom and the particles that are inside it
What is nucleus and protons/neutrons
300
Researchers have discovered fossils of tropical trees in modern day Greenland and Antarctica. What can be inferred about that area from this evidence?
What is Greenland and Antarctica used to have tropical climates
300
Whales, which live in the water, have hips. These structures are important for carrying the weight of animals that walk on land. What is the best explanation for finding this body part in animals that don’t walk on land?
Whales share a common ancestor with animals that walk on land.
300
The trees moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
Dark moth
300
What are two possible downsides of artificial selection?
What is it decreases diversity in traits and increases likelihood of diseases developing
300
Calculation for electrical charge and atomic mass
What is electrical charge = protons - electrons and atomic mass = neutrons + protons
400
What can be accurately concluded about organism B in relation to all of the other fossils?
What is it existed during the same time as organism C but before organism D? It also went extinct before organism A emerged.
400
What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from a comparison of these structures?
Humans and bats share a closer evolutionary history with each other than with birds.
400
What characteristics does the wolf have? Name two closely related species and how you know they are closely related.
What is backbone, hair, and carnivorous? Any two organisms that are directly close to one another.
400
Which best describes the role of mutations in natural selection?
What is a mutation may result in a beneficial trait that makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduce
400
An atom with 7 neutrons, 5 electrons, and 9 protons. What is the charge and mass of the atom?
What is charge = +4 and mass = 16 amu
500
What does it mean when you arrange fossils in chronological order? Draw and explain an example on your white board.
What is the fossils in those layers are related to the rock layers in which they were found?
500
Which of the following organisms is most closely related to humans? Least closely related?
What is most closely related to humans = Rhesus monkey? Least closely related = Mold.
500
What are the three types of homologies? Give an example of each
What is anatomical homologies (body structures), developmental homologies (embryo formation), and molecular homologies (DNA). Anatomical homology example bat wings and human forearm, developmental homologies all vertebrates look the same in early embryo stages, and molecular homologies we share many DNA sequences with chimpanzees --> something like these examples
500
Explain the difference in the definitions of natural and artificial selection, the processes, and which is slower vs faster.
1. Natural selection is a process of adaptation by an organism to the changing environment by bringing selective changes to its genotype or genetic composition. Artificial selection, also called selective breeding, is the process where humans identify desirable traits in animals and plants and use these traits to develop desirable phenotypic traits by breeding.
2. Natural selection is a natural process. Artificial selection is an artificial or human-made process
3. Natural selection is a slow process that completes after many generations.Artificial selection is a faster process that completes within days or weeks with more apparent effects.
500
An atom with a -3 charge has an atomic mass of 18 with 12 neutrons. How many protons and electrons does it have?
What is 6 protons and 9 electrons