Cell theory
Plant & Animal cells
All cells
Membrane Bound- Organelles
ATP/ cell membrane
Cell transport
100
smallest unit of life
the cell
100
True or false? Both plant and animal cells are examples of prokaryotic cells
False
Pro = No: Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles.
Plant and animal cells have both of those so they are Eukaryotic
100
This structure is found in all cells and is the fluid that holds all the structures in the cell in place
Cytoplasm
100
This organelle is responsible for the storage of genetic information. It contains pores that allows those instructions to be transported to the ribosome.
Nucleus
100
How many phosphates does ATP have?
3 phosphates
100
This type of cell transport does not require energy
passive transport
200
Name the 3 parts of the cell theory
1. All living things are made of cells
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. All new cells come from pre-existing cells.
200
This organelle is essential in a plant cell. It has a rigid outer layer that that protects the cell and helps it stand up.
Cell wall
200
What is the main difference between Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic Cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic have free floating DNA (no nucleus)
200
Describe the function of the Chloroplast
Only present in plant cells: Converts sun energy into chemical energy (does photosynthesis)
200
Can be related to a dead battery, this molecule contains no energy
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
200
In active transport, molecules move from ______ to _______ concentrations.
low to high
300
How is a scientific theory accepted?
needs to be supported by evidence collected by many scientists.
300
This organelle is present in both plant and animal cells and is responsible for housing DNA and controlling cellular activities
Nucleus
300
This organelle is found in all cell types. It is the thin outer covering composed of phospholipids. Food, water, and gases can enter the cell while wastes are allowed to leave?
Cell membrane
300
This organelle can be called the stomach of the cell. It is composed of enzymes that aid in the digestion and removal of waste products in the cell.
Lysosome
300
What is required for energy to be released from a molecule of ATP?
The bond between the first 2 phosphate groups must be broken
300
This type of transport requires the use of a channel protein and moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration
Facilitated Diffusion
A form of passive transport that does not require energy
400
Robert Hooke detailed that every sample of living things he observed under a microscope was composed of smaller compartments that reminded him of small rooms. Which part of the cell theory does this observation support?
All living things are made of cells
400
Explain the role of the large vacuole in a plant cell.
The vacuole stores water, food, and waste. When it is full it keeps the plant standing upright, when it is not the plant may wilt.
400
This organelle is necessary for all types: It is responsible for synthesizing proteins
Ribosome
400
This organelle is found in both plant and animal cells. They are the powerhouses of the cell. They carry out cellular respiration to produce water, carbon dioxide, and lots of energy
Mitochondria
400
What is the process that transforms glucose into ATP?
Cellular respiration
400
The term used when vesicles move large molecules like fatty acids and sugars into the cell in active transport.
endocytosis
500
A biology student is observing the process of cytokinesis during the cell cycle. This is when a singular cell becomes 2 different cells. Which part of the cell theory does it most likely support?
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
500
How is the food making process different in plant cells than in animal cells?
Plant cells have chloroplasts to help make their food and animals must consume
500
Characteristics of 2 different cells are shown below.
Cell 1: free-floating DNA, flagella attached, simple organism
Cell 2: Cell wall, DNA is contained, complex organs within
Determine which types of cells are being described
A. 1: Animal Cell, 2: Plant Cell
B. 1: Plant cell, 2: Bacterial Cell
C. 1: Bacterial Cell, 2: Prokaryotic Cell
D. 1: Prokaryotic Cell, 2: Eukaryotic Cell
500
This organelle is located closely to the ER and is responsible for modifying and transporting proteins to different parts of the cell/body
Golgi Apparatus
500
Name the largest component of the cell membrane AND write down the name that describes its function.
Phospholipids
Semi-permeable: allows specific molecules to enter and leave the cell
500
This type of transport uses a carrier protein to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
Active transport: Pumps