help
how can HCAs promote normal urinary elimination?
Encourage fluid intake, assist with mobility, and provide privacy during toileting.
Why is adequate hydration important for urinary health?
It helps flush toxins and reduces the risk of UTIs and kidney stones.
What are signs and symptoms of renal failure an HCA might observe?
Swelling, fatigue, reduced urine output, confusion, and loss of appetite.
Why is it important for HCAs to maintain client privacy during personal care?
To preserve dignity, comfort, and respect for the client.
What is urgency, and what might it indicate?
A sudden strong need to urinate; it may suggest a UTI or bladder irritation.
What are the main organs of the urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
What are common signs and symptoms of a UTI?
Burning during urination, frequent urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and lower abdominal pain.
: How should an HCA support a client who is fatigued due to renal failure?
Assist with ADLs, allow for rest periods, and report signs of weakness.
How can an HCA support a client experiencing embarrassment related to reproductive or urinary issues?
Be calm, respectful, and non-judgmental while maintaining confidentiality.
What does STI stand for?
Sexually Transmitted Infection
What is the function of the kidneys?
To filter waste and excess fluid from the blood to form urine
How can proper perineal care help prevent UTIs?
It removes bacteria and prevents it from entering the urinary tract.
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
Non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland in older men.
What should an HCA do if a client expresses pain or discomfort in the genital area?
Report it to the nurse promptly and document as required.
What are general signs and symptoms of an STI that an HCA might observe?
Unusual genital discharge, sores or blisters, itching, burning during urination, or pelvic pain.
How does the urinary system help regulate fluid balance?
By adjusting the amount of water and electrolytes excreted in urine.
What changes in behavior might indicate a UTI in elderly clients?
Confusion, agitation, or sudden changes in alertness.
Why might a male client with BPH have difficulty starting urination?
The enlarged prostate presses on the urethra, blocking urine flow.
What is considered normal urine output for an adult in 24 hours?
Approximately 1,500ml
Can older adults contract STIs?
Yes, sexually active people of any age can get STIs.
What are signs of urinary retention an HCA should report?
Inability to urinate, frequent urge with little output, or a distended bladder.
What are the risks of untreated UTIs in older adults?
Kidney infections, sepsis, or worsening confusion.
What are common age-related changes in the male reproductive system?
Decreased testosterone, slower sexual response, and prostate enlargement.
What is frequency in urination, and what could cause it?
Needing to urinate often; it could be caused by infection, diabetes, or BPH.
Name some common STIs.
Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, HIV/AIDS, and HPV