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This type of communication is the most believable and includes eye contact, facial expressions, and body movement.
What is nonverbal communication?
Easily perceived characteristics that activate stereotypes make up this kind of diversity
What is surface level?
The bane of an entrepreneur's existence, this bias leads us to think we are better than we are.
What is overconfidence?
This process is how individuals organize and interpret sensory impressions to give meaning to their environment, thereby affecting how they interact with the world, and leading some to say "____ is reality."
What is perception?
"I got this promotion because I worked really hard, but failed the exam because my roommate's snoring kept me up the night before" is an example of this common bias.
What is the self-serving bias?
This type of channel is typically spontaneous and emerges via the choices of employees
What are informal channels?
If you distribute resources based on certain criteria, you are doing this.
These affect the way we think, often in a negative way that hinders our decisions.
What are biases?
When we compare our current romantic partner to a previous romantic partner, our perception is likely to be affected by this.
What is contrast effect?
Politicians who make a public statements and then "double down" on the claim or promise, despite evidence that they were wrong, are suffering from this.
What is escalation of commitment?
If the information is not very important to you or if you have low need for cognition you are more likely to use this type processing and consider information on a superficial level.
What is automatic processing?
Attitudes or stereotypes that affect our behavior unconsciously indicate we have this kind of bias
What is implicit?
Dr. Boss dismisses complaints about the new manager's verbally abusive behavior as jealousy and focuses on the recent increase in profits when evaluating the decision to hire the new manager, a clear example of this type of bias
What is confirmation bias?
Perception is affected by facets of these three variables.
What are the perceiver, the target, and the context?
Judging someone as a bad driver when they cut you off but excusing the fact you ran the stop sign because you are late for work is an example of this type of error.
What is the "fundamental attribution error?"
Speed, feedback, & exchange are benefits of using this kind of communication
What is oral communication?
These types of programs encourage fair treatment of people, highlight the benefits of diversity, & foster personal development
What are diversity programs?
Believing crime is particularly bad in a certain city after watching a news report is an example of this bias
What is availability?
Making decisions based on an unconscious process created from distilled experience is this type of decision model.
What is intuitive decision making?
When someone tells you to "cut your losses," they are referring to these kinds of costs.
What are sunk costs?
Framing information to sound more positive before sharing it with your boss is an example of this type of communication barrier.
What is filtering?
This type of characteristic can influence what opportunities are given to a person and, therefore, how well they are likely to perform.
What is a status characteristic?
This type of organizational constraint affects decision making processes by anchoring perceptions of solutions
What is historical precedence?
Because people have bounded rationality, they often do this instead of finding the best solution.
What is satisfice?
Gamblers who have a system for predicting which slot machine is most likely to pay out are suffering from this error in their thinking.
What is randomness error?