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5 Steps of the Research Process
3 Steps of Citing Evidence
(giving credit to the writer)
Sample Research Topic = TEEN Voting in Presidential Election
Use 3 steps to cite evidence and explain answer
100
What is the FIRST step of the research process?
Create a Research Topic
100
What is the FIRST step of citing evidence?
INTRODUCE your evidence
100
NARROW the topic (make it more specific). Then write down the specific RESEARCH QUESTION for this topic.
(Possible answer) The pros and cons of teen voting. What are the pros and cons of allowing teens to vote in presidential elections?
100
(THESIS:) Dogs are better than cats (EVIDENCE:) "Studies reveal dogs show more love." -- Ziemba
According to Ziemba, "studies reveal dogs show more love," which proves dogs are better than cats (Ziemba).
200
What is the SECOND step of the research process?
NARROW the topic and create a QUESTION to be answered.
200
What is the SECOND step of citing evidence?
QUOTE / COPY your evidence.
200
State a THESIS / CLAIM to answer the research question. (You need 3 parts in your thesis!)
Teens should be allowed to vote in elections because they are citizens of the U.S., the election impacts them as much as it does adults, and because it teaches teens about their own country.
200
(THESIS:) 21CC is better than Lighthouse (EVIDENCE:) "21CC students play Jeopardy " -- Obama
According to Obama, "21CC students play Jeopardy," which proves 21CC is better than Gary Lighthouse (Obama).
300
What is the THIRD step of the research process?
State a THESIS / CLAIM
300
What is the THIRD step of citing evidence?
CITE your evidence with the LAST NAME of the author, or the name of the magazine/website if there is no listed author.
300
Based on the research topic, what is one specific TYPE OF EVIDENCE that would be reliable? (What kind of source would you look for?)
An article published by a political scientist. An interview of hundreds of teenagers about voting. A politician's speech about voting (this may be biased).
300
(THESIS:) Pepsi is better than Coke. (EVIDENCE:) "Studies shows 80% of individuals prefer Pepsi." -- Robert Johnson, food scientist
According to a food scientist, "studies show 80% of individuals prefer Pepsi," which supports the claim that Pepsi is better than Coke (Johnson).
400
What is the FOURTH step of the research process?
CREATE A BEGINNING LIST OF SOURCES, which you will use for evidence.
400
What is a phrase you can use to INTRODUCE EVIDENCE?
"According to"... "As found in"... "The article states that ... "
400
HOW do you check the CREDIBILITY / BELIEVABILITY of the sources you find online?
Use the C.R.A.P. detector (How current the evidence is, how reliable it is, the trustworthiness of the author, and the author's point of view and purpose).
400
(THESIS:) Drake is the best rapper in America (EVIDENCE:) "Hotline Bling has been played 223 million times on Spotify" -- John Smith, Spotify employee
According to a Spotify employee, "Hotline Bling has been played 223 million times on Spotify," which shows Drake is the best rapper in America (Smith).
500
What is the FIFTH step of the research process?
Check the CREDIBILITY / BELIEVABILITY of each source using the C.R.A.P. detector.
500
For Step 3, what is the correct way of citing your evidence?
Write the author's last name in parentheses at the end of the sentence.
500
Thesis: Drake is the worst rapper alive. Evidence: "Drake was born in Canada." -- Janice Jane, Birth Certificate Expert Use the 3 steps to cite this evidence and explain how it supports the thesis.
According to a birth certificate expert, "Drake was born in Canada," which proves Drake is the worst rapper alive (Jane).
500
(THESIS:) Drake is the worst rapper alive. (EVIDENCE:) "Drake was born in Canada -- Janice Jane, birth certificate expert
According to a birth certificate expert, "Drake was born in Canada," which proves Drake is the worst rapper alive (Jane).