Patient Centered
What is the ADA?
Nonprofit organization that works to prevent and cure diabetes and improve the lives of people with diabetes
Insulin is released from where to lower blood glucose levels?
B-cells in the pancreas
What is Kassumual breathing and what disease might it be indicative of?
Deep, rapid breathing pattern observed in metabolic acidosis
Prescence of albumin in the urine and is typically a symptom of
kidney disease - proteinuria
Name one benefit and one downside to continuous glucose monitors
Fewer emergencies, less finger pokes, could potentially save money, manages glucose well, but insurance may not cover or have access
What hormone is the most stimulating in increasing glucose levels?
Glucagon
What amino acid is broken down first into catecholamines?
Phenylalanine
Metabolic Syndrome can increase your risk of what future diseases? (2)
Hypertension, Stroke, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, dsylipidemia
Name 3 potential barriers for lifesytle modifacations in those with T2D
Financial, location, work schedule, culture, lack of social support, lack of motivation
How do the lungs compensate in metabolic acidosis?
Respiratory compensates by increase respirations (decrease CO2)
How do you calculate anioin gap and what is normal?
Anion gap [Na] + [Cl+HCO3], 4-12 is normal
What specific test would you order to test for proteinuria, and what would the expected results be in diabetic kidney disease?
Albumin:creatinine ratio or increased albumin/total protein test that would be increased
What is a reason a dehydrated pateint might receive IV fluids over oral?
Pt unable to keep down fluids or needs urgent rehydration
How does insulin act on the plasma membrane of muscle and adipose cells?
Increases GLUT4 receptors to allow more glucose into the cell
What is the key ketone body produced in Diabetic Ketoacidosis?
B-hydroxybutyrate
LDLs can differentiate into what type of cells that eventually lead to plaque build up?
Foam Cells
Name 2 risks of gastric bypass surgery
Dumping syndrome, nutrient deficiencies, leakage at surgical site, hernias, ulcers, stricture, GERD, may affect bacteria or hormones of gastrointestinal system
Metformin inhibits what metabolic process that takes place in the liver?
Inhibits gluconeogenic (F1,6BPase) and lipogenic enzymes in the liver