Reconstruction & Industrial Expansion
America in the early 20th century
New Deal WWII
Cold War to the 21st Century
Modern Politics
100
This bureau was established to help poor whites, former slaves, and American Indians after the Civil War.
Freedmen's Bureau
100
After victories in Cuba and the Philippines, the 1898 war made the U.S. a colonial power.
Spanish-American War
100
This New Deal program provided jobs building roads, bridges, and parks during the Great Depression.
Work Progress Administration (WPA)
100
This 1962 Cold War crisis began when the U.S. discovered Soviet missiles in a nearby Caribbean nation.
Cuban Missile Crisis
100
This former president is running again in 2024, making him the first major-party candidate to seek a non-consecutive second term since Grover Cleveland.
Donald Trump
200
This 1876 event, marked by the Compromise of 1877, effectively ended Reconstruction.
Presidential Election of 1876
200
This 1917 telegram proposed a German alliance with Mexico against the U.S., pushing America toward WWI.
Zimmermann Telegram
200
This 1941 event prompted the U.S. to enter World War II after a surprise attack on Hawaii.
Pearl Harbor
200
This 1964 legislation gave President Johnson broad powers to escalate U.S. involvement in Vietnam without a formal war declaration.
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
200
This Biden administration policy forgave up to $20,000 in student loan debt before being struck down by the Supreme Court in 2023.
Student Loan Forgiveness Plan
300
This industrialist built a steel empire using vertical integration, while his counterpart, John D. Rockefeller, dominated oil.
Andrew Carnegie
300
This 1920s cultural movement celebrated Black art, literature, and music in neighborhoods like Harlem.
Harlem Renaissance
300
This 1935 New Deal law created pensions for the elderly, unemployment insurance, and aid for disabled Americans.
Social Security Act (SSA)
300
Nixon’s 1972 visit to this country marked a strategic Cold War shift, opening diplomatic relations for the first time since 1949. 
China
300
This Senate race in 2022 was the most expensive midterm election ever ($240M+), with Democrat John Fetterman defeating Dr. Mehmet Oz.
Pennsylvania Senate Race
400
These laws, passed by Southern states, restricted African Americans' freedom and compelled them to work in low-wage jobs.
Black Codes
400
This 1930s ecological disaster was caused by drought and poor farming practices, forcing mass migration west.
Dust Bowl
400
This WWII-era program allowed the U.S. to supply Allies with weapons before officially joining the war.
Lend-Lease
400
Reagan’s economic policies emphasized tax cuts, deregulation, and reduced social spending under this nickname.
Reaganomics
400
This term describes the record 15 rounds of voting it took Republicans to elect Kevin McCarthy as House Speaker in January 2023.
"Speaker Fight" or "Speaker Chaos"
500
This term describes the U.S. belief in its divine right to expand westward, which displaced Plains Indians. 
Manifest Destiny
500
Wilson’s post-WWI plan included this failed international organization, which was opposed by isolationists in Congress.
League of Nations
500
FDR’s 1942 executive order led to the forced relocation and incarceration of over 120,000 Japanese-Americans.
Executive Order 9066
500
This 2001 event triggered the U.S. "War on Terror," including invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.
September 11th Attacks
500
This landmark 2023 Supreme Court case ended affirmative action in college admissions.
Admission v. Harvard