Scientific method
Explain a scientist's first step in the scientific method.
Ask good questions.
When does glycolysis occur?
During both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
What are the four types of RNA?
messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
During metaphase, the chromosomes of the cell are __________.
aligned at the midplane of the cell
Describe the relationship between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of a cell.
The nucleus of a cell is found in the cytoplasm, but is not part of the cytoplasm. The nucleus and cytoplasm work together to keep a cell alive.
What is a hypothesis?
A predicted outcome to an experiment with an explanation.
What is the main source of carbohydrates used in the human body for energy?
Glucose
What are the structural differences between RNA and DNA?
RNA is single-stranded while DNA is double-stranded.
The __________ is the site of attachment of spindle fibers to sister chromatids during mitosis.
kinetochore
What does the term organelle mean literally
little organ
What are these constant factors called?
Control Variables
What are Nucleic acids?
Monomers (basic unit): nucleotides
what is protein?
Protein is a macronutrient that is essential to building muscle mass.
In which of the following stages of mitosis is a non-disjunction most likely to occur?
Anaphase
Which feature of the nucleus is not clearly shown by the visual analogy?
The chromatin is not shown.
What part of an experiment is the manipulated variable?
The thing you change
What are Lipids?
Fats
Explain what happens if even one amino acid is substituted for another in a polypeptide chain.
A change in gene sequence can lead to a different amino acid being added to a polypeptide chain instead of the normal one.
what is the correct sequence of mitotic events?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What is another possible analogy that could be compared with the structure and function of a cell?
The structure and function of an airport control tower could be compared to the structure and function of a cell.
What is an experiment?
A standard way of knowing something
What are Carbohydrates?
• Monosaccharide: Simple Sugars EX: Glucose
Describe the differences in the four protein structures.
Primary: Amino acid sequence
Secondary: Helices or beta-sheets
Tertiary: The folding of the protein due to forces between AA R-groups (e.g. disulfide bridges)
Quaternary: Association of protein sub-units (e.g. hemoglobin has four sub-units)
During which mitotic stage do the spindle fibers begin to form from microtubules?
Prophase
What are vacuoles?
Vacuoles are membrane-enclosed saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates