Unit 1- Combustion, Heat & Energy
Whats the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy?
Potential energy is stored energy while kinetic energy is motion.
What do the atomic numbers represent?
The number of protons
Where are nonmetals found?
to the left side of the periodic table after the metalliod line
What atom is an exception to the octect rule?
Hydrogen and the noble gases
How do we represent the charge on transition metals?
With roman numerals
What is an example that shows transfer of energy?
Gasoline---> movement of car
Food---> exercise "burning energy"
What is an isotope?
Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
8 is the most
What is it called when valence electrons are shared unevenly?
Polar
What is a polyatomic ion?
A group of atoms covalently bound together
ex): Al(NO3)3
What does the Law of conservation of Energy state?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
What was the Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment about?
The electron cloud
Whats the difference between a group and period?
Groups go down vertically while Periods are horizontally
How is a single bond formed?
when two non-metals share two electrons
What is the prefixes for 7 and 4 of the same elements present in covalent compounds?
seven: hepta-
four: treta-
What is the difference between exothermic and endothermic?
Exothermic releases energy (heat)
Endothermic gains/absorbs energy
What orbit level are electrons in when they are in ground state?
Electrons are in the lowest orbit level during ground state?
What are metalloids?
Elements that tend to have have properties similar to those of metals and nonmetals.
Whats the difference between cations and anions? Which are metals and nonmetals?
Cations are positively charged ions (metals)
Anions are negatively charged ions (nonmetals)
How many elements do binary and ternary compounds have?
binary: 2 elements
ternary: 3+ elements
What states of matter does Radiation occur in?
Radiation occurs in all state of matters
What is the Quantum model of atoms?
Electrons are held in 3d spaces called orbitals
Do large atoms have higher ionization energy than small atoms?
No, large atoms have lower ionization energy than small atoms
What are the properties of ionic compound? Name at least 3
Cation & Anion
Metal & Nonmetal
High melting point
Soluble in H20
Conduct electricity
What is the covalent compound name for N2H3?
Dinitrogen trihyride