This phenomenon can limit research findings, because the participants in the study might be different based on unmeasured variables as a result of not being randomly assigned to condition
What is SELECTION BIAS
100
If you conduct this type of study on relationships, you must be careful not to make causal conclusions between the variables included.
What is CORRELATIONAL
100
If your measure is actually assessing something different than what you intended, it is lacking this.
What is VALIDITY
200
The pool of potential participants from which you draw from.
What is POPULATION
200
This phenomenon describes the often erroneous conclusion about causal direction based on things that seem to co-occur.
What is SIMULTANEITY BIAS
200
If random assignment is used to assign participants to groups, this type of design is most likely being used.
What is EXPERIMENTAL
200
To be empirical, this must be a characteristic of the questions asked.
What is THEY ARE TESTABLE
300
This occurs when certain groups are not included in a sample, or when a convenience sample is used.
What is SELECTION BIAS
300
This is when participants in research might consciously or subconsciously try to provide the desirable answers
What is RESPONSE BIAS
300
This is when you can make inferences about wider ranges of people or skills than you tested.
What is GENERALIZEABILITY
300
This is what drives the research questions asked.
What is THEORY
400
Working with children and other vulnerable populations introduces several of this important type of consideration.
What is ETHICAL
400
This can result from the general publication bias (preferring significant effects) and involves omitting some information or results during dissemination.
What is REPORTING BIAS
400
Alignment and explanation of how specific methods and design chosen can address the theory and provide answers to the research questions asked.
What is CHAIN OF REASONING
400
This is what drives the specific methods and design chosen
What is THE RESEARCH QUESTION
500
The first of these is testing designs is used to explain a state of some group or phenomenon; the second is to assess whether some relation or pattern observed is different from chance.
What is DESCRIPTIVE VS. INFERENTIAL TESTS
500
When an experiment is designed and interpreted in a way that ignores alternative explanations or makes it impossible to consider/test them.
What is EXPERIMENTER BIAS (design, other types could be included here)
500
Methods must always be described clearly and completely to make this important process possible.
What is REPLICATION
500
A foundation of empirical science that serves as a checks-and-balance type of system to catch mistakes, fraud, over-generalization or unreasonable conclusions drawn from results, etc.