INTERPHASE
Which of the following BEST describes interphase?
a) The phase of active cell division.
b) The resting phase of the cell cycle.
c) The phase of cell growth and preparation for division.
d) The phase where chromosomes condense.
c) The phase of cell growth and preparation for division
Which of the following occurs during prophase of mitosis?
a) Chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate.
b) Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
c) Chromosomes condense and become visible.
d) The nuclear envelope reforms.
c) Chromosomes condense and become visible.
1. Which of the following best describes the overall goal of meiosis?
a) To produce genetically identical daughter cells
b) To increase the number of cells in an organism
c) To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
d) To repair damaged DNA
c) To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
6. What is the role of spindle fibers during meiosis?
a) To synthesize DNA
b) To transport chromosomes
c) To produce ATP
d) To prevent crossing over
b) To transport chromosomes
What is the primary characteristic of the G1 phase of interphase?
a) DNA replication.
b) Cell growth and protein synthesis.
c) Preparation for DNA replication.
d) Chromosome segregation.
b) Cell growth and protein synthesis.
What is the defining characteristic of metaphase?
a) The separation of sister chromatids.
b) The alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator.
c) The condensation of chromosomes.
d) The formation of two daughter nuclei.
b) The alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator.
During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
a) Prophase I
7. How does meiosis contribute to genetic diversity?
a) Through independent assortment of chromosomes
b) Through crossing over
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b
c) Both a and b
What happens during the S phase of interphase?
a) The cell grows in size.
b) DNA is replicated.
c) The cell prepares for mitosis.
d) Chromosomes condense.
b) DNA is replicated.
What key event happens during anaphase?
a) The condensation of chromosomes.
b) The alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate.
c) The movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell.
d) The formation of the spindle apparatus.
c) The movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell.
What is the significance of crossing over?
a) It ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell's DNA.
b) It increases genetic variation among offspring.
c) It prevents the formation of gametes.
d) It is necessary for cell growth and repair.
b) It increases genetic variation among offspring.
8. Which of the following is NOT a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
a) The number of daughter cells produced
b) The presence of crossing over
c) The number of cell divisions
d) The role of DNA replication
d) The role of DNA replication
What is the main purpose of the G2 phase of interphase?
a) Cell division.
b) DNA replication.
c) Preparation for mitosis.
d) Cell growth.
c) Preparation for mitosis.
What is the primary event in telophase?
a) The separation of homologous chromosomes.
b) The formation of two separate nuclei.
c) The replication of DNA.
d) The breakdown of the nuclear envelope.
b) The formation of two separate nuclei.
4. How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 4 d) 8
c) 4
9. What is the term for a pair of homologous chromosomes?
a) Sister chromatids
b) Tetrad
c) Centromere
d) Kinetochore
b) Tetrad
What is the MOST important reason for the cell cycle?
a) To increase the size of the cell.
b) To produce more organelles.
c) To only produce gametes
d) For growth, development, repair of worn out cells, and reproduction
d) For growth, development, repair of worn out cells, and reproduction
What process does cytokinesis describe?
a) The division of the cell's cytoplasm.
b) The condensation of the chromosomes.
c) The replication of DNA.
d) The breakdown of the nuclear envelope.
a) The division of the cell's cytoplasm.
5. Which of the following statements is true about meiosis II?
a) It involves two rounds of DNA replication.
b) It results in the separation of homologous chromosomes.
c) It is similar to mitosis in that sister chromatids are separated.
d) It occurs before meiosis I.
c) It is similar to mitosis in that sister chromatids are separated.
10. How many chromosomes are present in a human gamete?
a) 23
b) 46
c) 92
d) 184
a) 23