Mineral Tests
Types of Rock
Erosion
Continental Drift/ Plates
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
100
What is a element vs a compound
element is made from a pure substance a compound is made of two or more pure substances
100
What are the tree types of rocks
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
100
What are the main types of erosion
water and wind
100
What most commonly gets created by converging plates
mountains
100
What is the focus
Bonus 100 what is the area on the surface right above the focus
An earthquake begins deep below the surface of the Earth where pressure builds up. This is called the FOCUS.
EPICENTER.
200
What is Mo's Hardness scale
Bonus (100): How do you perform test
scale of 10 minerals with a "hardness" value of 1 - 10
Test is performed by trying to scratch the mineral with various objects
200
What is a parent and daughter rock
Initial rock = parent rock
Final rock = daughter rock
200
What is the difference between weathering and erosion
EROSION:
Movement of rock & mineral grains from one place to another
WEATHERING:
The breaking down or wearing away of rock and mineral grains.
200
What is the continental drift?
Bonus 100: name two theories that proved it
A theory that explains how the continents have moved to their current position.
Ex. fossils, puzzles, rocks
200
What are the three types of volcanoes?
cinder cone, composite and shield
300
What is streak?
The colour left behind when a mineral is scraped across unpolished porcelain.
300
What is igneous rock formed from
Formed as molten (liquid) rock becomes solid.
300
What is chemical weathering
Bonus 100: Give an example
Chemicals break down the minerals in the rocks. This will alter the chemical composition.
acid rain
300
What is the difference between converging and diverging plates
converging plates are moving together and diverging are moving apart
300
which waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases
P waves
400
What is the difference between Cleavage and Fracture
Cleavage - breaks along smooth, flat lines
Fracture - breaks along jagged or rough edges
400
What has to be applied to create metamorphic rocks
heat and pressure
400
What is mechanical weathering
Bonus 100: Give an example
PHYSICAL break-up or disintegration of rocks.
Frost wedging
400
Label the following diagram 
1-inner core
2- outer core
3- lower mantle
4-upper mantle
5- crust
400
Which volcano is produced by explosive eruptions
cinder cone
500
What are the two most accurate tests
streak and hardness
500
What is cementation and compaction
Compaction - sediments are squeezed together until they stick and form a solid.
Cementation - water seeps through sediments. Minerals dissolve in water and forms a ‘cement’ or “glue’ substance that holds them together.
500
What is biological weathering
Bonus 100: Give an example
Results from the action of living things.
Example - a plant starts growing in a crack in the sidewalk.
500
What is the difference between thrust and fault blocks
Thrust Fault:
- Compressional forces
- forms into slabs that move up and over one another
Fault Block:
- when numerous "normal" faults occur and a layer of rock slides down in between them.
500
Which volcano is built of alternating layers of ash and solidified lava.
composite