Law of Conservation of Energy
How does a person have success? Give three examples.
tenacity, perseverance, failure, not quitting, persistence, disappointment, dedication, hard work, good habits, etc.
At which of these general positions does an object have the most gravitational potential energy?:
top of a hill, middle of slope, bottom of slope
Explain how you know.
Top of a hill — because height/position relative to the Earth's surface is greatest there
What is kinetic energy?
the energy of motion
What is gravity?
a force of attraction between any objects that have mass
Fill in: “Energy cannot be ______ nor ______; it can only be ______ from one form to another within a system.”
created; destroyed; transferred
Name the two main factors that determine an object’s gravitational potential energy near Earth.
Mass and height/position relative to the Earth's surface
Where is an object most likely to have the greatest kinetic energy while moving down a hill?
top, middle, or bottom of a slope
Explain how you know.
bottom of a slope - when the object gets to the bottom of the slope, it has the most kinetic energy that it will get and cannot go any faster than at that point
What is energy?
the ability to do work or cause change
A student claims “The total amount of energy in a closed system changes as objects move.”
Is this correct? Explain why or why not.
Incorrect; in a closed system the total amount of energy stays the same while it is transformed between forms.
If you raise the starting platform of a ski jump by 5 meters,
does the gravitational potential energy at the start increase or decrease?
Explain.
Increase — raising height increases gravitational potential energy because the skier would be further away from the Earth's surface
Explain how speed affects kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy increases as speed increases; faster objects have more kinetic energy.
What specific type of energy would a stretched rubber band have?
elastic potential energy
When a pendulum swings, its ____ energy at the highest point converts to ____ energy as it moves toward the bottom.
potential; kinetic
Name the two main factors that determine an object’s kinetic energy.
True or False: “An object’s kinetic energy is always greatest when it is in the air.
False — kinetic energy depends on speed, not simply being in the air; the greatest kinetic energy usually occurs where speed is highest.
Each time that energy transforms or transfers, a little bit of it is wasted as what?
thermal energy
Give TWO everyday examples where motion is converted into thermal energy.
answers vary
On a roller coaster, which location gives the cars the least gravitational potential energy?
the top of a ramp, the middle of a ramp, or the bottom of a ramp
Explain how you know.
the bottom of a ramp
Compare the kinetic energy of these two objects:
a 2 kg ball moving at 3 m/s and a 4 kg ball moving at 3 m/s
Which has more kinetic energy and why?
The 4 kg ball moving at 3 m/s has more kinetic energy because it is moving at the same speed, but it has more mass.
What is the energy stored within the bonds of atoms and molecules? Also, give two real-world examples.
chemical energy - wood, biomass, food, fuel, gasoline, coal, photosynthesis, natural gas, batteries, etc.