Earths, Rocks, and Mountains
What is the layer of Earth we stand on?
Crust
what causes earthquakes?
The sliding of tectonic plates causes the release of energy causing an earthquake.
What is permafrost?
Frozen ground that stays frozen year-round
Why can't we drink ocean water?
because it contains salt and that would dehydrate the body faster.
What is a coast?
The boundary between the ocean and land.
Name the three types of rocks in the rock cycle.
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
What does a volcano connect?
The mantle and the crust layers of the Earth.
what are the two types of glaciers?
Continental and Mountainous
Where is most of the freshwater stored on Earth?
Name the Five Oceans.
India, Southern, Arctic, Pacific, and Atlantic.
Is the core of the Earth solid? and what is it made of?
Yes; the core of the Earth is a solid ball of nickel and iron.
What is a hot spot?
An area below the crust that in usually thin and oftentimes creates islands.
What is weathering?
The process where water or other forces corrode landscape and forms new landforms.
how do sea cliffs form?
Erosion from millions of years of crashing waves.
Does the rock cycle have a starting point?
No; the rock cycle can start from any form of rock.
what type of lava creates wide volcanoes?
Runny lava
Why does solid water (Ice) float above liquid water if usually in other materials the solid form is predicted to sink?
Water forms hexagonal crystal structure that has air pockets in them.
What is the difference between a stalactite and a stalagmite?
Stalactite is rock that is hanging from the top and the stalagmite are the ones formed on the bottom.
What are coral reefs made by?
Polyps that build up the coral.
how does a mountain form a desert behind it?
From the humid air being trapped at the mountain resulting in warm dry air blowing across the other side, creating a desert.
What affects how lava flows?
Silica content, or amount of substances that thicken the lava
How does permafrost contribute to global warming? hint: (release of ___ from the ____ )
the release of greenhouse gases like methane which significantly worsen the effects of climate change.
Is rain acidic? explain why or why not.
Rain is acidic because of the carbon dioxide pollution in the air resulting in acid formation.
What causes ocean currents?
the heating of the Earth and also to rotation know as the Cornelius effect which makes the currents flow as the Earth rotates.