Temperature Conversions
Convert 0°C into Kelvin.
273.15 K
Convert 2 meters into centimeters.
200 cm
Name one piece of lab safety equipment.
Any of: eyewash, chemical/safety shower, fire blanket, fire extinguisher
What is the difference between an observation and an inference?
Observation = what you detect/measure; Inference = explanation/interpretation of those observations
What does CER stand for in science?
CER = Claim, Evidence, Reasoning
Convert 212°F into °C.
100 °C
Convert 3.5 kilograms into grams.
3,500 g
What does PASS stand for when using a fire extinguisher?
Pull pin, Aim at base, Squeeze handle, Sweep side to side
Give one example of qualitative data.
Example: “The solution turned blue.” (color, texture, smell, etc.)
What is the difference between a law and a theory?
Law describes what happens (often mathematical); Theory explains why it happens; both are evidence-based
Convert 310 K into °C.
36.85 °C (≈ 36.9 °C)
Convert 4.2 liters into milliliters.
4,200 mL
What is the safe way to smell an unknown substance?
Wafting (gently fan vapors toward your nose)
Give one example of quantitative data.
Example: “The mass is 15 g.” (any numeral measurement)
When would asking a question lead to an experimental design vs. a technological design?
Experimental design when testing cause-and-effect; Technological design when building a solution to meet criteria/constraints
Convert 25°C into °F and then into K.
77 °F and 298.15 K
Convert 7.5 kilometers into millimeters.
7,500,000 mm
Identify this equipment: a cylinder-shaped tool used to measure liquid volume precisely.
Graduated cylinder
What is the independent and dependent variable in this question: Does sunlight affect plant growth?
IV: amount of sunlight; DV: plant growth (height/mass/leaves)
A scientist wants to test if caffeine affects student test scores. Identify at least 2 constants (controlled variables).
Possible constants (any 2+): same test, same room/temperature, same time of day, same study time, same test duration, same instructions, same caffeine timing
A scientist measures a reaction at 451°F. Convert it to both °C and K.
451 °F = 232.78 °C (≈ 232.8 °C) = 505.93 K (≈ 505.9 K)
A runner completes 13.1 miles (a half-marathon). Convert the distance into kilometers (1 mile ≈ 1.609 km).
13.1 mi ≈ 21.08 km (using 1 mi ≈ 1.609 km)
A student is heating a substance and grabs the beaker with bare hands. Identify the unsafe behavior and the correct tool they should have used.
Unsafe: grabbing a hot beaker with bare hands.
Correct tool: beaker tongs (or heat-resistant gloves/tongs).
Explain why a control group is necessary in an experiment.
A control group provides a baseline so you can isolate the IV’s effect and reduce confounding variables.
What criteria must be considered when designing an engineering solution?
Engineering criteria/constraints: safety, cost, materials, reliability, efficiency, time, environmental impact, usability, size/weight, maintenance