Tourism Basics
What are the two types of geographical location?
Absolute location and relative location.
What is domestic tourism?
Tourism involving travel within a person's own country.
Name the three main categories of tourism impacts.
Economic, environmental and sociocultural.
What is sustainable tourism?
Tourism that considers present and future economic, environmental and sociocultural impacts while addressing the needs of visitors, businesses, the environment and host communities.
What does the command word 'identify' require?
Name or recognise the relevant feature, characteristic or fact.
What is the difference between a local scale and a global scale?
Local examines a small area or community; global examines patterns or processes across the world.
What is the difference between inbound and outbound tourism?
Inbound tourism involves visitors entering a country; outbound tourism involves residents travelling to another country.
Identify one positive economic impact and one negative economic impact of tourism.
Positive: employment or increased revenue. Negative: seasonal employment, rising prices or economic dependence.
What is carrying capacity in tourism?
The level of visitor use a destination can accommodate without unacceptable environmental, social or visitor-experience impacts.
What does 'quantify' mean in a geographical response?
Support a statement with numerical evidence such as totals, percentages, distances or rates.
What does spatial distribution describe?
The arrangement or pattern of a geographical phenomenon across an area.
Identify two factors that can increase tourism demand.
Examples: cheaper transport, higher disposable incomes, more leisure time, improved accessibility or greater destination awareness.
Explain how tourism can produce both positive and negative sociocultural impacts.
Tourism can support cultural preservation and exchange but may also cause overcrowding, commercialisation of traditions or conflict between visitors and residents.
How can tourist education reduce environmental impacts?
It can encourage responsible behaviour, such as staying on designated tracks, managing waste and respecting wildlife.
A destination's visitors rise from 2 million to 3 million. What is the percentage increase?
50%. The increase is 1 million, divided by the original 2 million, multiplied by 100.
Explain the difference between spatial association and spatial distribution.
Distribution describes where something occurs; association examines the extent to which two phenomena correspond across space.
Explain the difference between a push factor and a pull factor in tourism.
Push factors motivate someone to travel, such as escaping routine. Pull factors attract them to a particular destination, such as scenery or cultural attractions.
Why might tourism increase erosion in natural areas?
Heavy foot traffic can remove vegetation and compact soil, increasing surface runoff and making soil more vulnerable to erosion.
Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of introducing visitor limits.
Advantage: reduced congestion and environmental pressure.
Disadvantage: reduced tourism revenue or restricted visitor access.
What should a strong response to 'describe the spatial distribution' include?
An overall pattern, areas of concentration and dispersion, named locations, evidence and notable exceptions where available.
A map shows tourism concentrated along coastlines but scattered inland. Describe this spatial pattern using geographical terminology.
Tourism has a clustered coastal distribution and a more dispersed inland distribution. A strong response identifies concentrations, contrasts and any exceptions.
Explain how improved transport infrastructure can change tourism patterns.
Better accessibility can increase visitor numbers, open previously less-accessible destinations and concentrate tourism around transport hubs, potentially increasing environmental pressure.
Evaluate the claim that tourism growth always benefits local communities.
Growth can create employment and investment, but benefits may be unevenly distributed. Costs such as congestion, rising living expenses and environmental degradation can outweigh gains for some residents.
Evaluate two strategies that could make a heavily visited coastal destination more sustainable.
Examples: visitor limits reduce peak pressure but can restrict revenue; improved public transport reduces car congestion but requires funding. Strong answers weigh effectiveness, costs and stakeholder impacts.
What is the difference between 'explain' and 'evaluate' in an exam?
Explain gives reasons or shows how and why something happens. Evaluate makes a supported judgement by weighing evidence, strengths, limitations or relative importance.