Principles of Justice
Name the 3 Principles of Justice.
Fairness, Equality, Access
True or False: Police need a reason to search your bag.
True (they need reasonable suspicion).
Who brings a case to court in a criminal trial?
Prosecution
What is the key difference between a law and a rule?
Laws apply to everyone and are enforceable by courts; rules are specific to groups/places.
Which level of government controls police powers?
State
Which principle means everyone is treated the same regardless of background?
Equality
Name 1 right you have if you’re arrested.
Right to remain silent, right to contact a lawyer, right to know the charges, et
What is the standard of proof in a civil case?
Balance of probabilities
Give an example of a rule that only applies at school.
Example: No phones in class.
Who is responsible for local roads and rubbish collection?
Local government
Explain how access helps people get justice.
Access ensures everyone can understand and use the legal system, including legal aid, interpreters, and accessible courts.
What is the maximum time police can hold a person without charge?
24 hours (in most cases)
The key purpose of criminal law and civil law.
Criminal: protect society and punish offenders.
Civil: resolve disputes and compensate the injured party.
Define a crime.
An act or omission that breaks the law and is punishable by the state.
Name 2 areas controlled by the federal government.
Examples: Defence, Immigration, Trade
Give an example of how the principle of fairness could be broken in court.
Examples: biased judge, no chance to present evidence, unfair legal representation.
Describe the difference between a search warrant and an arrest warrant.
Search warrant: allows police to search a property. Arrest warrant: allows police to arrest a named individual.
True or False: Both criminal and civil cases can involve a jury.
True (but civil juries are rare)
Who decides what actions become crimes in Australia?
Parliament
What kinds of laws does parliament make?
Statute Law
What are two challenges people living in remote areas might face when trying to access the legal system?
What is one limit on police powers that protects individual rights?
Provide 2 examples of civil cases and 2 examples of criminal cases.
Civil: negligence, contract disputes.
Criminal: theft, assault.
Explain why some behaviours are considered crimes, while others are not.
Crimes harm society (theft, assault), while private matters (like personal arguments) aren’t unless laws are broken.
True or False: Federal law always overrides state law if they conflict.
True (under Section 109 of the Constitution)