Vision
This structure in the eye is responsible for detecting light and converting it into neural signals.
What is the retina?
This is the natural response that occurs when an unconditioned stimulus is presented.
What is an unconditioned response?
This experiment by Albert Bandura demonstrated that children could learn aggression through observation.
What is the Bobo doll experiment?
This type of memory is responsible for the brief storage of sensory information, lasting only a few seconds.
What is sensory memory?
This psychologist developed the social learning theory, which emphasizes the importance of observation and imitation in learning.
Who is Albert Bandura?
The illusion where two parallel lines seem to converge as they get further away is known as this.
What is the Ponzo illusion?
In classical conditioning, this process involves the gradual strengthening of a conditioned response.
What is acquisition?
This type of learning occurs by watching the behaviour of others and the outcomes of those behaviours.
What is observational learning?
The process of organizing information into manageable units, such as phone numbers, to enhance memory retention is called this.
What is chunking?
The concept that people can learn new behaviours by watching others, even in the absence of direct reinforcement, is known as this.
What is vicarious learning?
This visual illusion occurs when the brain incorrectly interprets the length of lines with arrow-like ends.
What is the Müller-Lyer illusion?
This term describes the return of a previously extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest.
What is spontaneous recovery?
The basic unit of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting electrical signals, is called this.
What is a neuron?
This model of memory includes components such as the central executive, phonological loop, and visuospatial sketchpad.
What is the working memory model?
Bandura’s theory suggests that this belief in one’s own ability to succeed is crucial for motivation and learning.
What is self-efficacy?
This type of constancy allows us to perceive an object as having a consistent size, even when its distance from us changes.
What is size constancy?
This is the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and other irrelevant stimuli.
What is stimulus discrimination?
This part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons.
What are dendrites?
This type of encoding focuses on the meaning of information and is the most effective for long-term memory retention.
What is semantic encoding?
This type of reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus following a behaviour, increasing the likelihood that the behaviour will be repeated.
What is negative reinforcement?
This optical illusion, created by a distorted room design, makes people or objects appear to grow or shrink as they move across the room, demonstrating the impact of perspective and depth cues on visual perception.
What is the Ames Room illusion?
This process occurs when a conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second, weaker conditioned stimulus.
What is higher-order conditioning?
These neurons are involved in the imitation of actions and may play a role in understanding others' emotions and intentions.
What are mirror neurons?
This phenomenon occurs when old information interferes with the ability to recall new information.
What is proactive interference?
This type of reinforcement involves giving a reward after a desired behaviour, increasing the likelihood that the behaviour will occur again.
What is positive reinforcement?