Present Perfect Simple / Past Perfect
Translate:
¿Habías visitado alguna vez Italia?
Yo nunca había estado en Italia antes.
Had you ever visited Italy?
I had never been to Italy before.
you / have / dinner / yet / ?
Have you had dinner yet?
In 1947, a rancher in Roswell, New Mexico CALLED / HAD CALLED the sheriff after he FOUND / HAD FOUND some strange rubbish.
called, had found
be
come
fall
was/were, been
came, come
fell, fallen
¿Cuándo usamos el Presente Perfecto?
Para hablar de acciones que ocurrieron un momento del pasado que desconocemos y para hablar de acciones que empezaron en el pasado y continúan en el presente.
Correct the mistake:
Lucy hads fallen.
Lucy had fallen.
the bus / already / leave / the station / .
The bus has already left the station.
The sheriff DIDN’T KNOW / HADN’T KNOWN what the objects were, so he contacted the US Air Force and soldiers took the rubbish away.
didn’t know
find
go
hear
found, found
went, gone
heard, heard
When do we use Past Simple?
Para hablar de acciones que ocurrieron en un momento del pasado que conocemos o que ocurrieron durante un periodo de tiempo en el pasado (from 2008 to 2020)
Translate:
Dan y Mike nunca antes habían tomado fotos.
Dan and Mike had never taken photos before.
Translate:
Ya he hecho mis deberes. Los hice ayer.
I have already done my homework. I did it yesterday.
Several days later, an article in the newspaper HAD SHOWN / SHOWED photos of the rubbish, claiming it was from an alien spaceship.
showed
Translate:
Ella se acababa de comprar unas zapatillas de deporte nuevas.
She had JUST bought a new pair of trainers.
¿Cuánto se utiliza el Pasado Perfecto?
Usamos el pasado perfecto para hablar de dos eventos pasados cuando queremos dejar claro qué evento sucedió primero. Usamos el pasado PERFECTO para el PRIMER evento y el pasado simple para el segundo evento.
Translate:
Ellos no han visto el león todavía.
They haven’t seen the lion yet.
we / not speak / to her / last week / .
We didn’t speak to her last week.
According to the Air Force, it was from a weather balloon that had crashed. People who had read the articles DIDN’T BELIEVE / HADN’T BELIEVED that explanation.
didn’t believe
lose
make
see
lost, lost
made, made
saw, seen
Have you ever tried insects?
Yes, i have. I tried them when I was on a trip in 2001.
¿Por qué usamos Present Perfect en la pregunta y respuesta corta y luego Past Simple?
En la primera pregunta, estamos preguntando sobre un evento en un momento no especificado del pasado. Cuando respondemos la pregunta, cambiamos al pasado simple porque la acción tuvo lugar en un momento específico.
Translate:
¿Alguna vez has investigado acerca del misterio de la casa encantada?
Have you ever looked into the mystery of the haunted house?
what / car / your brother / buy / yesterday / ?
What car did your brother buy yesterday?
They thought that the government was hiding the truth because no one EVER SAW / HAD EVER SEEN objects like those before.
had ever seen
sleep
think
win
write
slept, slept
thought, thought
won, won
wrote, written
In 1994, the Air Force REVEALED / HAD REVEALED the truth. A team of scientists HAD INVENTED / INVENTED these materials for a secret project.
revealed, had invented