Core Rhetoric Terms
Fact, Opinion & Tone
Spot the Strategy
Bias & Validity
The ACE + E Model
100

Term: An appeal based on credibility, trust, background experience, or expert qualifications.

Ethos

100

Term: A statement that can be proven true or false using records, data, or direct observation.

Fact

100

According to municipal records, 73% of high school students do not get 8 to 10 hours of sleep. Ethos, Pathos or Logos?

Logos

100

Term: The logical strength, fairness, and factual backing of an argument.

Validity

100

What the letter 'A' stands for in the ACE+E model.

Assertion

200

Term: An appeal targeting emotions, feelings, fear, or audience sympathy.

Pathos

200

Term: A belief, feeling, or judgment that cannot be proven true for everyone.

Opinion

200

As a chief orthopedic surgeon with over 20 years of clinical experience, I recommend daily stretching. Ethos, Pathos or Logos?

Ethos

200

True or False: An article can contain real facts and statistics and STILL be biased.

True

200

What the letter 'C' stands for, AND the formula used to write it.

Cite (Formula: Signal Phrase + Quote/Stat)

300

Term: An appeal grounded in logic, percentages, statistics, numbers, and hard data.

Logos

300

Writing that stays completely neutral, fair, and sticks strictly to observable facts. Objective or Subjective?

Objective

300

Waking up at 6:00 AM is a total nightmare that is literally destroying every student's life! What is this an example of? 

Hyperbole

300

A tech creator reviews a phone favorably, but buries a $5,000 sponsorship badge in tiny text. What is this an example of? 

Bias
300

What the first 'E' stands for, AND its purpose in the paragraph.

Explain (explaining HOW/WHY evidence proves assertion)
400

Term: An extreme exaggeration used for dramatic effect or humor that is not meant to be taken literally.

Hyperbole

400

Writing shaped by personal feelings, mood, dramatic language, and loaded judgment words. Objective or Subjective? 

Subjective

400

If we don't adopt this shelter puppy today, he will sit alone in his cold cage weeping every night. Ethos, Pathos or Logos? 

Pathos

400

An article bases its claim on 'poorly designed research with tiny sample sizes.' Its validity is...

Low Validity

400

What the second 'E' stands for, AND its purpose in the paragraph.

Elaborate (showing real-world / big-picture impact)

500

Term: An unfair preference for or against something, often driven by money, personal interests, or loyalty.

Bias

500

Read this sentence: "The cafeteria serves food at 12:00 PM, which is the most miserable time of day." Identify WHICH PART is the fact and WHICH PART is the opinion.

Fact: "The cafeteria serves food at 12:00 PM" | Opinion: "which is the most miserable time of day"

500

The city bus route carries 14,000 passengers daily across 12 distinct neighborhood zones.

Objective or Subjective tone? 

500

Rewrite this sentence to make it Objective: "The cafeteria food is biohazard sludge."

Many students express dissatisfaction with cafeteria meals.

500

Identify the MISSING component in this outline: Assertion --> Citation --> Elaboration.

Explain