Claim
What is a claim?
A statement that expresses the author’s main argument or position
What is text evidence?
Direct quotes or examples from a text that support a claim
What is an author’s purpose?
The reason why the author writes a text—e.g., to inform, persuade, entertain, or explain
Name one type of text structure.
Cause-and-effect, problem-solution, chronological, compare-contrast, or description
What is tone in writing?
The author’s attitude toward the topic, shown through word choice and style
What was the claim in "Do Not Eat The Marshmallow?"
That child already, at four, understood the most important principle for success, which is the ability to delay gratification. Self-discipline: the most important factor for success
Which type of evidence is stronger: a personal anecdote or a scientific study? Why?
A scientific study is stronger because it is based on research and data.
What appeal is used when we want to appeal to an author's credibility?
Ethos
What text structure is used in an article explaining the effects of climate change?
Cause and Effect
Identify the tone: "This new policy is a ridiculous attempt to control students’ freedom."
Negative, critical, frustrated
What is another word we can use for claim?
Hint: You should have this in your introduction paragraph on essays.
Thesis
What appeal is an author using if they are trying to appeal to their audiences emotions?
Pathos
How does text structure help the reader understand an argument?
It organizes ideas logically, making the argument clearer and more convincing
How does tone affect the reader’s perception of an argument?
It influences how persuasive the argument is and how the audience feels about the topic.
Which appeal deals with facts, statistics, reasoning?
Logos
What was the tone of the 9/11 George Bush speech?
Sad, somber, angry, hopeful
How can an author make a claim stronger
By using clear reasoning, strong evidence, and acknowledging counterarguments
Why does an author use appeals in their writing?
to persuade their audience by tapping into different aspects of their understanding, including logic, emotion, and credibility, to make their argument more compelling and likely to be accepted by the reader