Definitions
The art of persuasion using credibility, emotion, or logic.
What are ethos, pathos, logos?
"As a doctor with 20 years experience, I recommend this."
What is ethos?
Old Major says humans are the enemy who take everything. Builds trust in his wisdom.
What is ethos? Overlap with logos via examples of exploitation.
A scary image that makes you feel sad or angry.
What is metaphor overlapping with pathos?
Identify + explain: "We've suffered long enough!"
What is pathos? Builds shared anger.
Repeating words/phrases for emphasis.
What is repetition?
"Homework is a prison!"
What is metaphor?
"No animal escapes the cruel knife in the end." Vivid image of slaughter.
What is metaphor? Overlaps with pathos to evoke fear/horror.
Quoting a wise leader to make facts seem more believable.
What is ethos overlapping with logos?
Identify + overlap: "The farm was a prison for the animals."
What is metaphor overlapping with pathos—makes oppression feel terrifying.
Comparing two unlike things without "like" or "as."
What is metaphor?
"I'm so hungry I could eat a horse!"
What is hyperbole?
"Four legs good, two legs bad!" Chant repeated often.
What is repetition? Overlaps with pathos to build unity/anger.
Repeating emotional words to build urgency and shared feeling.
What is repetition overlapping with pathos?
Identify + explain: "All animals are equal." Repeated slogan.
What is repetition? Overlaps with ethos—from respected leader.
Appealing to emotions to stir feelings.
What is pathos?
"We must study, we must focus, we must succeed!"
What is repetition?
Boxer says "I will work harder." Shows dedication.
What is pathos? Overlaps with ethos—his trustworthiness as hard worker.
Exaggerating suffering to stir strong emotions logically.
What is hyperbole overlapping with pathos and logos?
Identify + overlap: Facts + emotional fear in a pig's explanation.
What is logos overlapping with pathos—common in manipulation.
Exaggeration for dramatic effect.
What is hyperbole?
"Studies show breaks improve focus—here's the data."
What is logos?
Squealer explains things with "facts" to convince others.
What is logos? Often overlaps with pathos to scare animals.
Using credibility and facts together in a speech to control others.
What is ethos + logos overlap, as in Old Major's speech?
Identify + explain/overlap: Full early speech analysis (e.g., Old Major's "cruel knife").
What is metaphor + pathos? Makes animals feel doomed and motivated to rebel.