Natural Selection
The process in which species change over time.
What is EVOLUTION?
The oldest fossils are found in this layer of rock.
What is the DEEPEST/BOTTOM layer?
A group of organisms that can interbreed to create fertile offspring.
What is a SPECIES?
A change in DNA sequence.
What is a MUTATION?
He is known as the Father of Evolution.
Who is CHARLES DARWIN?
Individuals that are better at surviving are more likely to reproduce and pass on their beneficial genes to their offspring.
What is NATURAL SELECTION?
Similar structures that evolved from a common ancestor such as upper limb bones that humans, bats, cats, and whales have in common.
What are HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES?
Formation of a new species.
What is SPECIATION?
When organisms move in or out of a population, resulting in change.
What is GENE FLOW?
Darwin travelled here on his voyage.
Where are the GALAPAGOS ISLANDS?
The ability of an individual to pass on their genes is known as this.
What is FITNESS?
Structures that have no current function, but that provide information about ancestors.
What are VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES?
When members of a species are split into different areas; when barriers split a habitat.
What is GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION?
When a population is changed by random, chance events.
What is GENETIC DRIFT?
If fossil A is found on the surface and fossil B is found much deeper, this fossil is younger.
What is FOSSIL A?
An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival.
What is an ADAPTATION?
The strongest type of evidence of evolution.
What is DNA / BIOCHEMICAL / MOLECULAR evidence?
When members of a groups can no longer interbreed. (Factors that prevent two species from mating.)
What is REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION?
When change occurs gradually over long periods of time?
What is GRADUALISM?
When trees turned darker as a result of industrialization, these moths were favored.
What are DARKER MOTHS?
If only faster fish can survive in the presence on a predator, this type of fish will be selected AGAINST.
What is SLOW FISH?
Humans are more closely related to this species.
Number of amino acid differences from humans:
Rabbits- 4 Fish- 14
What are RABBITS?
Members of a group no longer interbreed because they each mate at a different time of year.
What is TEMPORAL ISOLATION?
When a new species appears suddenly after long periods of little change.
What is PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM?
THREE things that organisms compete over.
What are FOOD, SPACE, MATES, WATER?