Science of Reading
The smallest unit of sound in a language system
What is a phoneme?
Prosody
What is reading with phrasing and expression?
A type of teaching in which vocabulary words are directly taught to students in planned lessons
What is explicit teaching?
A syllable type in which the vowel is followed by a consonant and has a short sound
What is a closed syllable?
This type of assessment gives teachers information about whether what they're doing is working or not
What is progress monitoring?
This initiative has the acronym R.I.S.E.
What is Reading Initiative for Student Excellence?
The type of words that should be chosen for vocabulary instruction
What are Tier 2, or high utility, words?
A type of sound that drives the air through the nose
What are nasals?
The recommended approach for teaching phonics; the opposite of incidental and embedded
What is systematic and explicit?
A traditional practice used to improve fluency that is only appropriate for students who have adequate orthographic mapping skills
What are repeated readings?
An ingredient of language which explains the origin and history of a word
What is etymology?
Readers must create this structure in order for comprehension to occur
What is a mental model?
This level of phonological awareness has the largest impact on reading
What is phoneme level?
Phonics includes instruction and practice in both of these areas
What are decoding and encoding?
When skills (including subskills) are applied without conscious thought
What is automaticity?
An assessment first given in the 1970s which revealed the scope and nature of reading difficulties in American society, also known as The Nation’s Report Card
What is the NAEP?
Two types of processes necessary for reading comprehension
What are language processes and cognitive processes?
A vowel sound that glides in the middle
What is a diphthong?
The mental process used to store words for immediate, effortless retrieval
What is orthographic mapping?
Instead of treating fluency as a separate skill to be taught, this approach will increase fluency (Hint: begins with "increase")
What is increase words orthographically mapped (or known by sight)?