Forces
What is the SI unit for measuring force?
a) Watts
b) Volts
c) Newton
d) Kilogram
c) Newton
Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of mountains?
a) Erosion
b) Volcanism
c) Deposition
d) Weathering
b) Volcanism
What is the term for the semi-fluid substance that fills the interior of a cell and surrounds the organelles?
a) Cytoplasm
b) Nucleoplasm
c) Cytoskeleton
d) Endoplasm
a) Cytoplasm
Which of the following is not a method of asexual reproduction?
a) Budding
b) Fragmentation
c) Pollination
d) Regeneration
c) Pollination
Which term refers to the process by which species with traits that are better suited to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully?
a) Genetic drift
b) Mutation
c) Natural selection
d) Artificial selection
c) Natural selection
Which of the following situations best illustrates balanced forces?
a) A book sitting on a table.
b) A car accelerating down a hill.
c) A rocket launching into space.
d) A person pushing a heavy box across the floor at a constant speed.
a) A book sitting on a table.
What is the primary force that drives the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?
a) Gravity
b) Magnetism
c) Convection currents in the mantle
d) Solar radiation
c) Convection currents in the mantle
Which of the following cell structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Cell membrane
c) Chloroplast
d) Mitochondria
c) Chloroplast
What is the process by which a plant produces seeds?
a) Pollination
b) Germination
c) Fertilization
d) Reproduction
c) Fertilization
What is a common ancestor?
a) An extinct species that is unrelated to any living organisms
b) An organism that is identical to its descendants
c) A species from which two or more different species evolved
d) A species that lived at the same time as humans
c) A species from which two or more different species evolved
Which of the following is an example of a contact force?
a) Friction
b) Gravity
c) Magnetism
d) Electric charge
a) Friction
What type of weathering occurs when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by physical processes such as freezing and thawing?
a) Chemical weathering
b) Mechanical weathering
c) Biological weathering
d) Erosion
b) Mechanical weathering
Which organelle is responsible for storing water, nutrients, and waste products in plant cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Vacuole
d) Ribosome
c) Vacuole
In animals, what is the primary purpose of courtship behavior?
a) Finding food
b) Building shelter
c) Attracting mates
d) Establishing dominance
c) Attracting mates
Which of the following best describes the theory of evolution?
a) Organisms adapt to their environment to survive
b) Species change over time through natural selection
c) All organisms have a common ancestor
d) Humans evolved from monkeys
b) Species change over time through natural selection
Which of the following best describes the fundamental difference between electric and magnetic forces?
a) Electric forces only attract, while magnetic forces only repel.
b) Electric forces act on charged particles, while magnetic forces act on magnetic materials.
c) Electric forces are stronger than magnetic forces. d) Electric forces act at a distance, while magnetic forces require direct contact.
b) Electric forces act on charged particles, while magnetic forces act on magnetic materials.
What process occurs when sedimentary rocks are subjected to high temperatures and pressures, causing them to change into metamorphic rocks?
a) Erosion
b) Deposition
c) Lithification
d) Metamorphism
d) Metamorphism
What is the green pigment found in plant cells that is responsible for photosynthesis?
a) Chlorophyll
b) Melanin
c) Hemoglobin
d) Carotene
a) Chlorophyll
Which of the following factors is essential for reproductive success in plants?
a) Availability of sunlight
b) Presence of pollinators
c) Soil pH
d) Temperature fluctuations
b) Presence of pollinators
Which of the following factors can lead to the extinction of a species?
a) Genetic drift
b) Natural selection
c) Sudden environmental changes
d) Mutation
c) Sudden environmental changes
What happens when an electric current flows through a wire coil wrapped around an iron core?
a) The wire becomes hot.
b) The wire loses its conductivity.
c) The iron core becomes magnetized.
d) The iron core becomes electrified.
c) The iron core becomes magnetized.
Which of the following geological events is associated with the formation of a rift valley?
a) Convergent boundary
b) Transform boundary
c) Divergent boundary
d) Subduction zone
c) Divergent boundary
Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Chloroplast
d) Ribosome
b) Mitochondria
Which of the following factors is NOT a requirement for successful reproduction in animals?
a) Access to suitable habitat
b) Presence of predators
c) Availability of food and water
d) Courtship and mating opportunities
b) Presence of predators
Which of the following statements is true about mutations in the context of evolution?
a) Mutations are always harmful to organisms.
b) Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation.
c) Mutations occur only in response to environmental changes.
d) Mutations are always beneficial to organisms.
b) Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation.