Disaster Management Basics
What are the three phases of disaster management?
Pre-incident, Incident, Post-incident
What is the primary goal of risk management?
Minimize adverse outcomes and liability
In triage, what color tag represents "minor injuries"?
Green
What does CBRN stand for?
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear
What is the difference between an outbreak and an epidemic?
Outbreak: cluster of cases; Epidemic: exceeds normal expected number
What does an "all-hazards approach" mean?
Preparing for all types of emergencies, natural and human-made
Name two risk management strategies to prevent hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).
Hand hygiene enforcement, bundle checklist for procedures
What system is used for pediatric triage during mass casualty events?
JumpSTART
What biological agent is preventable with post-exposure vaccination?
Smallpox
Name one key strategy for outbreak management.
Surveillance, Contact tracing, Isolation, Quarantine
What is the main purpose of mitigation in disaster planning?
Reduce or eliminate risk before a disaster occurs
What is "root cause analysis" used for?
Identifying underlying causes of sentinel events
What is the first priority in the primary survey (A-B-C)?
Airway and Cervical Spine protection
What chemical agent acts by paralyzing respiratory muscles?
Sarin
What are pandemic plans designed to minimize?
Morbidity, mortality, and societal disruption
Name one key element included in a Health Care Emergency Operations Plan (EOP).
Examples: communication plan, staffing plan, equipment/supplies, security plan
What is one strategy to manage alarm fatigue?
Layer alarms into phones/beepers or monitor audit responses
What is the difference between "Immediate" and "Delayed" triage categories?
Immediate: threat to life or limb; Delayed: treatment needed, but no immediate threat
What is the first step after a "dirty bomb" (radiological dispersal device) explosion?
Decontamination procedures
During COVID-19, what common symptom was associated with new loss of smell?
Coronavirus infection
What Canadian framework provides a command structure during a disaster response?
Incident Management System (IMS)
What should nurses do when they encounter a situation beyond their clinical competency?
Ask for help/guidance and escalate appropriately
When is the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) primarily used?
In hospital emergency departments
Name two biological agents listed in emergency management plans.
Anthrax, Botulism, Plague, Tularemia, Hemorrhagic Fever, Smallpox (any two)
What ethical issues must be considered during disaster planning for vulnerable populations?
Access to services, public good vs individual rights, professional/legal obligations