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Anatomy
Anatomy
100
Artery that supplies the descending corticospinal and ascending spinothalamic tracts
Anterior spinal artery. Spinal cord ischemia is a recognized complication of aortic aneurysm repair
100
1. What white matter tract connects Wernicke's to Broca's area? 2. Where is Wernicke's area located? Broca's area?
1. arcuate fasciculus 2. superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus
200
location of lesion associated with ballism
subthalamic nucleus dyskinesia occurs contralateral to the lesion along with hypotonia, as hemiballismus improves, movements are more like chorea The subthalamic nucleus suppresses ipsilateral basal ganglionic activitiy which in turn modulates cortical motor outflow to the contralateral effector muscles
200
1. Tibialis anterior: action, innervation 2. Gastrocnemius: action, innervation 3. Semitendinosus: 4. Tensor fasciae latae 5. Sarotorius
1. dorsiflexes & inverts foot, deep peroneal nerve 2. plantar flexes foot, tibial nerve - branch of sciatic 3. hamstring muscle, inn by sciatic 4. abducts and medially rotates the thigh, superior gluteal nerve 5. inwardly rotates hip, flexes hip and knee, inn by femoral nerve
300
1. This muscle helps abduct the shoulder the first 15 degrees. 2. contraction of this muscle causes the arm to raise laterally to the horizontal plane. 3. elevation of the arm above the horizontal plane is helped by these muscles.
1. supraspinatous 2. deltoid 3. trapezius, serratus anterior
300
1. Nerve that innervates the tiblialis posterior muscle, which innervates the foot. Also inn the gastrocnemius, soleus, flexor digitorum longus, flexus hallucis longus. 2. Controls tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum brevis. 3. innervates iliopsoas and quadriceps femoris 4. innervate the small muscles of the foot, tested by observing the patient cupping the sole of the foot 5. Innervates hip adductors.
1. Tibial nerve 2. Deep peroneal nerve 3. Femoral Nerve 4. Medial Plantar Nerves 5. Obturator
400
The synapse of the afferent neurons of the reflex arc are located here:
anterior (ventral) horn of the spinal cord
400
1. Ipsilateral weakness, loss of vibration and joint position sense. Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation. 2. Cape distribution of loss of pain and temperature 3. Loss of vibration and jps bilaterally - what causes it? 4. Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation + urinary incontinence.
1. Hemicord lesion. Brown-sequard. 2. Central cord lesion - damages spinothalamic fibers crossing ventral commissure 3. posterior cord syndrome - b12 def, tertial syphilis 4. anterior cord syndrome - anterolateral pathways + descending pathways controlling sphincter function. causes: trauma, ms, asa infarct
500
Connects the dorsal columns to the medial lemniscus
arcuate fibers - point of decussation of the fibers from the posterior columns