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Hazard
Vulnerability
EQ Grab Bag 1
EQ Grab Bag 2
Touchstone
100
This measures the energy release of an earthquake as the common scientific standard used today
What is moment magnitude (Mw)
100
True or False: The soft story secondary modifier can apply to multiple construction classes, including wood frame and reinforced concrete structures.
What is True The soft story condition is common for tuck-under parking or open storefronts in both reinforced concrete and multi-family wood frame structures. This characteristic can apply to other structural classes as well.
100
Tsunami is a Japanese word which translates to this in English.
What is "harbor wave"
100
These are three MAIN ways earthquakes cause damage Hint: These are different from subperils
What are ground motions (shaking), ground deformations (landslides/liquifaction/fault rupture), and tsunamis
100
Exposure Set vs Exposure View - which is synonymous with a portfolio in Risk Link?
What is Exposure View
200
The distance to _________ (epicenter/hypocenter/rupture plane) is most correlated to ground motion in an EQ?
What is the rupture plane? The hypocenter is the specific point describing where the rupture in an earthquake initiates, and the epicenter is the projection of this point on the Earth’s surface. However, ground motions are released based on the entire area of the rupture (the rupture plane). A location may be very close to the rupture plane, even though the earthquake initiated further away at a distant point along the fault.
200
What is the most common source of structural failure during an earthquake for tilt-up buildings? A) Failure of columns due to insufficient ductility B) Failure at connection between wall and roof C) Pounding against adjacent structures of different heights
What is B) Failure at connection between wall and roof. Tilt-up buildings have concrete walls pre-cast on the ground, and then tilted up into place and connected to the roof and foundation. Failure at these connection points is the most common mode of failure. Earthquake forces are not typically resisted by columns, and pounding is not a common problem since the construction method for these buildings makes it unlikely that they are immediately adjacent to another structure.
200
These are two most important primary characteristics for EQ modeling
What are construction and occupancy
200
This type of magnitude represents the largest expected even on a fault based on fault dimensions
What is the Characteristic Magnitude
200
These are three EQ subperils available in Touchstone
What are FF, SL and tsumani
300
What tectonic environment produces the largest earthquakes? A) Strike-slip faults B) Subduction zones C) Rift zones
What is B) Subduction zones. The largest earthquakes observed around the world are interface events on subduction zones. These events are produced on the zone of contact between the two plates. Because these zones of contact can be quite large, they can produce very large events.
300
Which of the following types of steel bracing has been shown to perform best when subjected to earthquake ground motions? A) Concentric bracing B) Exterior “X” shaped bracing C) Eccentric bracing
What is C) Eccentric bracing. Recent research has shown that eccentric bracing performs better (minimizes structural damage) relative to traditional concentric or “X” shaped bracing methods for braced steel frame structures. Eccentric bracing moves the bracing from the joint between the columns and beams to a mid-point on the beam. This transfers the stresses away from the joints during an earthquake allowing for a better performance of the structure.
300
This type of uncertainty quantifies the uncertainty around the maximum magnitude, fault rupture, recurrence rate estimation, and other geological data
What is the primary uncertainty
300
What is the difference between magnitude and intensity?
Intensity is subjective and based on observed building response and how many people felt the event. Magnitude is instrumentally measured, is a single value, and doesn't vary by location.
300
This financial setting feature spreads values geocoded at low resolution (ie cresta-level) across a grid based on industry values
What is disaggregation
400
The San Andreas Fault system in California is an example of which of the following types of tectonic plate boundaries? A) Convergent B) Transform C) Divergent D) All of the above
What is B) Transform Transform plate boundaries exist where the tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other, as with the San Andreas Fault. The Pacific Plate on the west side of the San Andreas is moving north relative to the North American plate (and continent) on the east side of the San Andreas.
400
Which of the following ranges best describes the average impact of a single secondary modifier on earthquake pure premium (or average annual loss)? A) +/- 0% to 5% B) +/- 5% to 20% C) +/- 20% to 50%
What is B) +/- 5% to 20%. A general rule of thumb is that secondary modifiers typically increase or decrease average annual loss by about 5% to 20%. In combination, the effects of multiple modifiers can be larger.
400
This type of high hazard plate boundary is capable of generating EQs with magnitudes as high as M9.5+
What is Convergent
400
Three EQ probability models are: Poisson (assumes event independence), Time Dependent (takes time into consideration) and ?????
What is stress transfer - the occurrence of an EQ on one fault has an impact on the occ of a nearby fault
400
This must be the same between result sets when comparing using the Marginal Impact Tool
What are the number of years in the simulation set
500
Why are moderate magnitude events (M6 to M7) the drivers of AAL in high hazard areas such as California and Japan? A) They occur with much higher frequency than larger magnitude events B) They cause damaging ground motions relative to building design requirements C) They are common in the high exposure population centers D) All of the above
What is D) All of the above. In high hazard regions like California and Japan, the high frequency of events in the M6 to M7 range, the resulting moderate damage levels, and the proximity to population centers all combine so that these events drive the AAL.
500
Which of the following values best estimates the natural period of a 20 story building? A) 0.02 seconds B) 0.2 seconds C) 2 seconds D) 20 seconds
What is C) 2 seconds. The natural period of a building (expressed in seconds) can be approximated by dividing the number of stories by 10. So a 20 story building would have a natural period of 2 seconds. The natural period of a building determines the ground motion frequency that will most resonate with the structure. As with a metronome, the taller the structure (the higher the weight on the metronome) the longer the period or amount of time it takes the structure to rock back and forth and to return to its original position.
500
These are the three major components of Post Event Loss Amplification
What is a) Economic Demand Surge b) Claims Inflation c) Super Cat Loss Behaviors
500
In this type of EQ event, ruptures jump to adjacent faults, resulting in larger magnitudes than predicted from individual fault segments
What are cascade events
500
This SQL table links the exposure and result databases
What is tProject