Definitions
How to?
All things Medical
Binding to Targets
100

What are used in many RNA molecular biological applications, they are short single stranded RNA sequences.

What are RNA oligonucleotides?

100

How to select an RNA aptamer against target molecules. 

What is the SELEX process?

100

Development of RNA aptamers to better their systematic delivery makes them advanced for _______. 

What are Therapeutic agents? 

100

Relatively weak electric forces that can attract neutral molecules. 

What are van der Waals forces? 

200

Modifies or provides ribonucleic acid (RNA) to patients' cells.

What is RNA therapy?

200

How to store RNA oligonucleotides for long periods of time is at what temperature?   

What is -80oC? 

Also stored as an Ethanol Precipitate 

200
First RNA aptamer approved by the FDA in 2004? 

What is Pegaptanib? Aptamer that works against the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor to fight age degradation. 

200

Dipole-dipole interaction. 

What is Hydrogen Bonding? 

300

Greek origins of the word aptamer. 

What is the Greek word aptus, which means “to fit”?

300

How to speed up the SELEX process? Manually it could take more than a month to complete 

What is Automation? Using robots and software design to run PCR and repeating the sequences allow for up to 10 rounds of SELEX per day. To obtain an aptamer using SELEX, the process is completed 5-15 times. 

300

What allows for targeting all desired cellular proteins of any pathway? What is RNAi technology?

What is RNAi technology? 

300

Attractive or repulsive interactions between charged molecules.

What is electrostatic interactions?

400

What does SELEX stand for?

What is the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment?

400

How to tell the difference between RNA aptamers and antibodies. 

What is Aptamers have longer shelf life? Aptamers do not need immune response or animals in order to be produced which makes they easier to produce. 

400

What are used to differentiate between cell types, like normal and mutant cells? 

What are RNA Aptamer biomarkers? 

400

Unique advantages of RNA apatmers is binding to extracellular target to ______ 

What is inhibit functions? 

500

RNA oligonucleotides that bind to specific target site.

What are RNA Aptamers?

500

How to see if RNA aptamers have binded.

What is observing inhibition or activation? RNA aptamers can bind extra and intra-cellularly in order to aid in therapeutics. 

500

Ideas of future applications of RNA aptamers in medicine? 

What is imagining and disease detection? There are numerous applications of RNA aptamers that are continuously being researched. 

500

Changes in the sequence affect the binding of RNA aptamers, how long is the variable region of aptamers?

What is 56-120 nucleotides?