Acts and Taxes
Law that taxed printed goods, including: legal documents, newspapers, playing cards, etc. in 1765. (1.20)
The Stamp Act
The first bloodshed of the American Revolution (1770), as British soldiers at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five American colonists. (1.25)
Boston Massacre
American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence. (1.26)
Loyalists
Movement that began in Europe in the 1700s as people began examining the world, society and government using logic and reason. (1.16, 1.17)
Enlightenment
Refusing to buy goods or services to protest against something? (1.20, 1.21, 1.23, 1.28, 1.29)
Boycott
Law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies in 1764. (1.20)
The Sugar Act
A 1773 protest against British taxes in which Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor. (1.27)
Boston Tea Party
American colonists who were determined to fight the British until American independence was won. (1.26)
Patriots
A religious movement that became widespread in the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. (1.16, 1.17)
Great Awakening
The lawmaking body of the British government. (1.28)
Parliament
The Townshend Act and Sugar Act are both examples of this kind of tax. (1.20 and 1.23)
Import tax
A war fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The Native Americans served as allies for both sides. The English won. (1754-1763) (1.18)
The French and Indian War
A member of the Sons of Liberty best known for riding on his horse all night to tell the people in the Massachusetts countryside that the British soldiers were coming. (1.29)
Paul Revere's (Ride)
Pamphlet that encouraged the Colonists to fight the British for independence, helped establish the Declaration of Independence. (1.30)
Common Sense (by Thomas Paine)
Created the "Join or Die" Political Cartoon. (1.24)
Benjamin Franklin
Series of laws passed in 1774 to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party. (1.27)
Intolerable Acts
Battle that took place in northern New York. This fort was captured by colonists led by Benedict Arnold. First Patriot victory in the American Revolutionary War. May 10, 1775. (1.29)
Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
Member of a militia during the American Revolution who could be ready to fight in a minute's notice. (1.29)
Minutemen
An agreement between the people and their government in which citizens give up some rights and power in exchange for protection. (1.17)
Social Contract (Theory)
Author of Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. (1.28)
John Dickinson
A law passed by the British government that gave one company—the British East India Company—a monopoly on selling tea in the colonies. Colonies were only allowed to buy British Tea from them. (1.27)
The Tea Act
The first military engagement of the Revolutionary War when British soldiers fired into a much smaller body of minutemen. Known as the "shot heard 'round the world." April 19, 1775. (1.29)
Battles of Lexington and Concord
A military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army in an emergency. (1.29)
Militia
This Enlightenment Philosopher coined the three natural rights of: Life, Liberty and Property. (1.17)
John Locke
Founding father served as the lawyer for the British soldiers on trial for the Boston Massacre. (1.25)
John Adams
Act that required American colonists to provide accommodations like housing, food, and clothing to British soldiers. A law under the Intolerable Acts and by itself early in 1765. (1.21 and 1.27)
Quartering Act
Major battle of the American Revolution. It showed that the Americans could hold their own against the powerful British Army, but the British were also not easy to defeat. Ultimately, the Americans were forced to withdraw after running out of ammunition. However, the British suffered more deaths. June 17, 1775. (1.29)
Battle of Bunker Hill
Army formed in 1775 by the Second Continental Congress and led by General George Washington. The official patriot army of the American Revolution. (1.29)
Continental Army
Thomas Jefferson changed the word "property" to this in the Declaration of Independence when referring to natural rights. (1.16, 1.17)
Pursuit of happiness
To avoid import taxes, colonists would often engage in this illegal act. (1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.23)
Smuggle or Smuggling.
This bill closed the harbor to all commercial traffic until Americans paid for the tea they dumped. This crippled the economy of Boston. A law under the Intolerable Acts. (1.27)
The Boston Harbor Bill
A decisive battle where British forces, led by General James Wolfe, defeated the French forces, leading to British control over Canada and eventually ending the French and Indian War. (1.18)
Battle of Quebec
Organizations that led protests, helped American soldiers, instated a boycott, and generally resisted the British. (1.20, 1.21, 1.27, 1.29)
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
Which founding father(s) did the Enlightenment Movement most influence. (1.16) (1 of 2 accepted)
Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin
Historians often refer to the Boston Tea Party by this phrase when referring to the American Revolution. (1.27)
The point of no return.
This act extended the Canadian border (British territory) into the Ohio River Valley and eliminated lands that were claimed by Massachusetts, Virginia, and Connecticut. A law under the Intolerable Acts. (1.27)
The Quebec Act
The Battle of Bunker Hill was actually fought here. (1.29)
Breed's Hill
Meeting in May 1775, they organized the Continental Army, called on the colonies to send troops, selected George Washington to lead the army, and appointed the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence. (1.29)
Second Continental Congress
These two men made a significant impact during the Great Awakening in the American colonies with the revivals attracting large diverse crowds of colonists. (1.17) (1 of 2 accepted)
Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
Name of the plan Benjamin Franklin created as the first proposed unified government for the 13 colonies. (1.24)
Albany Plan
A rule made by the British government after the French and Indian War that said colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. Britain created this line to avoid fighting with Native American tribes, but many colonists were angry because they wanted to move west into that land. (1.21)
Proclamation Line of 1763
Who is known for successfully bringing heavy guns/cannons, which were captured at Fort Ticonderoga, over 300 miles through rough terrain in the middle of winter and delivering them to Washington to free the city of Boston from British occupation. (1.29)
Colonel Henry Knox
Meeting in September 1774, delegates from twelve colonies sent representatives to Philadelphia to discuss a response to the Intolerable Acts. (1.29)
First Continental Congress
This word describes the kind of government John Dickinson warned against in Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, where rulers abuse power and ignore the rights of the people as well as in Thomas Paine's pamphlet, "Common Sense," arguing for American independence, claiming that Britain/King George was oppressive and cruel. (1.16, 1.28, 1.30)
Tyranny or Tyrannical
What was the "Join or Die" cartoon originally used for and what was it used for years later. (1.24)
Originally used to unite the colonists with the British against the French in the French and Indian War and later used to unite the colonists together against the British in the American Revolutionary War.
A series of laws passed by England in the 1600s that controlled colonial trade. They said that the American colonies could only trade using English or colonial ships and could only sell certain goods, like tobacco and sugar, to England. These laws helped England make money and limited the colonies’ economic freedom. (1.19)
The Navigation Acts
Major war(s) happening in Europe in the 1600s involving religion which influenced the migration of many European settlers to the New World? (1 of 2 accepted) (1.17)
Thirty Years' War and English Civil War
A meeting of delegations from many of the colonies, the group was formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act. It showed signs of colonial unity and organized resistance. October 7-25, 1765. (1.20)
Stamp Act Congress
How did the Enlightenment movement reach and spread through the colonies. (1.17)
The movement reached America through settlers/colonists who prioritized literacy and education, initially for reading the Bible.
Enlightenment ideas spread through books, leading to discussions among colonists.
This city had one of the largest Loyalist populations in the colonies. (1.26)
New York City